Abstract
Individuals’ emotion regulatory styles are differentially related to well-being. Drawing on self-determination theory (Ryan and Deci 2017, Self-determination theory: basic psychological needs in motivation, development, and wellness, Guilford Press, New York), researchers have recently explored the concept of integrative emotion regulation (IER) as an adaptive emotion regulation style, contrasting it with the less adaptive style of suppressive emotion regulation (SER). This research studied the extent to which the relations between IER and SER and well-being are mediated by the satisfaction and frustration of individuals’ basic psychological needs. Data were collected in three countries, Israel (n = 224), Peru (n = 304), and Brazil (n = 203). Participants filled in questionnaires assessing the study variables. Multi-group structural equation modeling (SEM) results showed that integrative emotion regulation positively predicted well-being, mediated by psychological need satisfaction, in all three countries. Moreover, psychological need frustration mediated the relationship between suppressive emotion regulation and well-being. The results support and extend recent findings demonstrating the adaptive outcomes of IER and the maladaptive outcomes of SER. The article concludes by discussing the implications and limitations of the research.
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Appendix: Frequencies and proportions of undesired emotions across the three countries
Appendix: Frequencies and proportions of undesired emotions across the three countries
Emotion | Israel (N = 224) | Peru (N = 304) | Brazil (N = 203) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hebrew | N | % | Spanish | N | % | Portuguese | N | % | |||
Anxiety | חרדה | 51 | 23 | Ansiedad | 11 | 39 | Ansiedade | 44 | 22 | ||
Nervousness | עצבנות | 31 | 14 | Nerviosismo | 52 | 17 | Nervosismo | 3 | 2 | ||
Worry | דאגה | 8 | 4 | Preocupación | 32 | 11 | Preocupação | 2 | 1 | ||
Fear | פחד | 63 | 28 | Miedo | 80 | 26 | Medo | 40 | 20 | ||
Stress | לחץ | 55 | 25 | Estrés | 77 | 24 | Estresse | 14 | 7 | ||
Anger | כעס | 68 | 30 | Enojo/Ira | 56 | 18 | Raiva/Ira | 76 | 37 | ||
Hate | שנאה | 52 | 23 | Odio | 78 | 26 | Ódio | 41 | 20 | ||
Despair | ייאוש | 44 | 20 | Desesperación | 39 | 13 | Desesperança | 10 | 5 | ||
Sadness | עצב | 43 | 19 | Tristeza | 33 | 11 | Tristeza | 52 | 26 | ||
Guilt | אשמה | 6 | 3 | Culpa | 12 | 4 | Culpa | 3 | 2 | ||
Disappointment | אכזבה | 23 | 10 | Decepción | 15 | 5 | Desilusão | 4 | 2 | ||
Resentment | טינה | 5 | 2 | Rencor | 13 | 13 | Ressentimento | 1 | 0.5 | ||
Hostility | עוינות | 14 | 6 | Hostilidad | 12 | 4 | Hostilidade | 3 | 2 | ||
Jealousy | קנאה | 15 | 7 | Celos | 22 | 8 | Inveja | 12 | 6 | ||
Shame | בושה | 3 | 1 | Verguenza | 18 | 6 | Vergonha | 1 | 1 | ||
Frustration | תסכול | 11 | 5 | Frustración | 11 | 4 | Frustração | 6 | 3 | ||
Pride | גאווה | 3 | 1 | Orgullo | 8 | 3 | Orgulho | 3 | 2 | ||
Contempt | בוז | 5 | 2 | Desprecio | 25 | 8 | Desprezo | 5 | 7 | ||
Love | – | 0 | 0 | Amor | 7 | 2 | Amor | 2 | 1 | ||
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Benita, M., Benish-Weisman, M., Matos, L. et al. Integrative and suppressive emotion regulation differentially predict well-being through basic need satisfaction and frustration: A test of three countries. Motiv Emot 44, 67–81 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-019-09781-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-019-09781-x