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Influence of the purification process on the stability of Jatropha curcas biodiesel

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Abstract

The aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of the purification process on the stability of Jatropha curcas biodiesel. The biodiesel was obtained using a variety of purification processes: three wet methods with different drying processes (vacuum oven, conventional oven and anhydrous sodium sulfate) and one dry method (purification with adsorbent magnesium silicate). Biodiesel was characterized through the analysis of carbon residue, acidity index, infrared and gas chromatography. The composition J. curcas oil indicated 56.3 % of unsaturated fatty acids and 43.7 % of saturated fatty acids. Jatropha oil presented high quantity of saturated acids, which are less susceptible at oxidation. The biodiesel sample that was chemically purified (PUsq) presented better purity, indicating be the process more efficient in remove the residues of synthesis. Thermogravimetric curves of purified biodiesel by wet method, PUsq, with chemical drying using anhydrous sodium sulfate, and PUsv, with vacuum drying, showed the highest initial decomposition temperatures, indicating higher thermal stability. The carbon residue and infrared analyses suggested that contamination by catalyst residue is a determining factor in reduction of the oxidative stability of biodiesel. The oxidative stability was evaluated using Rancimat and pressure differential scanning calorimetry. Biodiesel samples showing better oxidative stability were purified using PUsq and PUsv, which obtained stability of 6 h using the Rancimat technique, the minimum limit set by Brazilian legislation, without the addition of antioxidant, suggesting that these methods least influenced the stability of biodiesel.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) and Comissão de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal do Nível Superior (CAPES).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Campus I, Natal, RN, Brazil

    Diego Oliveira Cordeiro, Amanda Duarte Gondim, Antonio Souza Araújo & Valter José Fernandes Jr

  2. Center for Technology and Regional Development, CTDR, IDEP, Federal University of Paraíba, Mangabeira VII, João Pessoa, PB, CEP 58055-000, Brazil

    Marta Maria da Conceição

  3. Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraíba, Campus I, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil

    Antonio Gouveia de Souza

Authors
  1. Diego Oliveira Cordeiro
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  2. Amanda Duarte Gondim
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  3. Antonio Souza Araújo
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  4. Marta Maria da Conceição
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  5. Antonio Gouveia de Souza
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  6. Valter José Fernandes Jr
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Correspondence to Marta Maria da Conceição.

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Cordeiro, D.O., Gondim, A.D., Araújo, A.S. et al. Influence of the purification process on the stability of Jatropha curcas biodiesel. J Therm Anal Calorim 127, 1253–1260 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-016-5861-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-016-5861-4

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