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An extensive review on mesoporous silica from inexpensive resources: properties, synthesis, and application toward modern technologies

  • Review Paper: Nano- and macroporous materials (aerogels, xerogels, cryogels, etc.)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Mesoporous silica is emerging as a nanomaterial with potentially huge applications in the industrial sector, particularly in the fields of chemical catalysis, host-guest encapsulation, and adsorbents. These materials possess well-defined honeycomb-shaped pores that can be fine-tuned to suit adsorbing moieties of different molecular sizes, with adjustable release rates. The most significant drawback that hampers the commerciality of mesoporous silica-based processes is that the inorganic precursors used in the synthesis of these materials are quite expensive. These costs can be offset somewhat by using low-cost, renewable precursors from natural sources and recycling industrial wastes. In this review, we have collected some of the more recent laboratory attempts to prepare mesoporous silica material from low-cost precursors. Scientometric analysis was performed to find the potential of mesoporous silica manufacturing from ash sources. Various sources of mesoporous silica preparation and works related to them were explained in detail. This article also explores various techniques used for the development and gives a brief insight into the possible applications for mesoporous silica.

Graphical abstract

Highlights

  • Industrial waste ash and natural materials are promising sources for silica.

  • An overall analysis of waste utilization was provided using Scientometric studies.

  • Sustainable silica sources are used in the preparation of mesoporous materials.

  • The use of low-cost and eco-friendly silica sources is of environmental importance.

  • Current and future expectations were addressed on utilizing waste ash.

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support provided by SERB (Science & Engineering Research Board), INDIA (Grant no. ECR/2017/001038/2017-2018) to carry out this review work

Funding

All of the sources of funding for the work described in this publication are acknowledged below: We acknowledge the financial support provided by the Research board, INDIA (Grant no. SERB SB/EMEQ-006/2014 & ECR/2017/001038/2017-20) in accompanying us to complete the work.

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  1. Bioprocess Intensification Laboratory, Centre for Bioenergy, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India

    M. Saravanan, A. B. Dharaneesh, V. Prahaaladhan & A. Arumugam

  2. Centre for Pollution Control and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Puducherry, 605014, India

    S. Sudalai

  3. Department of Chemical Engineering, Pondicherry Engineering College, Puducherry, India

    G. Srinivasan

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Saravanan, M., Sudalai, S., Dharaneesh, A.B. et al. An extensive review on mesoporous silica from inexpensive resources: properties, synthesis, and application toward modern technologies. J Sol-Gel Sci Technol 105, 1–29 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-022-05983-x

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