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Characterization of NMR, IR, and Raman spectra for siloxanes and silsesquioxanes: a mini review

  • Review Paper: Sol–gel, hybrids and solution chemistries
  • Published:
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Abstract

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), infrared (IR), and Raman spectroscopy are used to determine the structures and substituent groups of siloxanes and silsesquioxanes. Electronic characteristics cause NMR signals and IR bands to shift and overlap. Therefore, they are often assigned incorrectly. Unfortunately, for siloxanes and silsesquioxanes, the sheer volume of data makes it difficult to obtain the desired information. In this paper, we summarize NMR, IR, and Raman data for siloxanes and silsesquioxanes.

Graphical abstract

Highlights

  • NMR, IR, and Raman data for siloxanes and silsesquioxanes are summarized.

  • NMR signals and IR bands shift by linear, cyclic, ladder, and cage structures.

  • NMR signals shift with substituent groups such as alkoxy, hydroxy, and organic groups.

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Abbreviations

ATR:

Attenuated total reflection

BTMSE:

Bis(trimethoxysilyl)ethane

CDCl3 :

Chloroform-d

Cy:

Cyclohexyl

D3 Me :

Hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane

D4 Me :

Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane

D5 Me :

Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane

DMSO:

Dimethyl sulfoxide

Et:

Ethyl

Gly:

Glycidyl

iBu:

Isobutyl

iPr:

Isopropyl

IR:

Infrared

Me:

Methyl

MTES:

Triethoxy(methyl)silane

MTMS:

Trimethoxy(methyl)silane

nBu:

Normalbutyl

NMR:

Nuclear magnetic resonance

nPr:

Normalpropyl

PDMS:

Poly(dimethylsiloxane)

Ph:

Phenyl

sBu:

Secondary butyl

tBu:

Tertiary butyl

TEOS:

Tetraethoxysilane

TES:

Triethoxysilane

TMOS:

Tetramethoxysilane

Vi:

Vinyl

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan

    Yohei Sato & Takahiro Gunji

  2. zoome LLC, 1-36-2-3F Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0022, Japan

    Ryohei Hayami

  3. Research Group for Advanced Energy Conversion, Research Institute for Science and Technology (RIST), Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan

    Takahiro Gunji

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YS: writing—original draft and visualization; RH: writing—original draft, visualization, and conceptualization; and TG: writing—review and editing.

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Sato, Y., Hayami, R. & Gunji, T. Characterization of NMR, IR, and Raman spectra for siloxanes and silsesquioxanes: a mini review. J Sol-Gel Sci Technol 104, 36–52 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-022-05920-y

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