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The Age–IPV Curve: Changes in the Perpetration of Intimate Partner Violence During Adolescence and Young Adulthood

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Abstract

Research on intimate partner violence (IPV) has evolved over the last decade with increasing interest in how IPV develops over adolescence and young adulthood. Studies examining patterns of IPV over time have generally focused on victimization with less attention to temporal shifts in perpetration. While it is generally assumed that IPV peaks during young adulthood, this has not been empirically verified and documented. Additionally, prior longitudinal analyses of IPV have focused on identifying trajectories and their accompanying risk factors, with less attention given to within-individual change in IPV experiences across and within relationships. Drawing on five waves of data from the Toledo Adolescent Relationships Study, we examined patterns of the perpetration of IPV among a diverse sample of adolescents and young adults (51.1 % female, 63.9 % non-Hispanic White, 24.6 % non-Hispanic Black, 11.5 % Hispanic) spanning the ages of 13–28 years (N = 1,164). Analyses demonstrated that IPV patterns deviate from the age–crime curve, with women’s involvement in IPV increasing, while their involvement in other antisocial behaviors is decreasing. Traditional behavioral and psychological risk factors (delinquency, alcohol and drug use, depressive symptoms) accounted for some of the age variation in IPV for men, but these factors did not account for age variation in IPV among women. Relationship risk factors including frequency of disagreements, trust, jealousy, validation and self-disclosure, however, accounted for substantial portions of the age–IPV perpetration relationship for male and female youth. These findings reinforce recent calls for prevention efforts that focus on the development and maintenance of healthy relationships.

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by grants from The Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD036223 and HD044206), the Department of Health and Human Services (5APRPA006009), the National Institute of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, U. S. Department of Justice (Award Nos. 2009-IJ-CX-0503 and 2010-MU-MU-0031), and in part by the Center for Family and Demographic Research, Bowling Green State University, which has core funding from The Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R24HD050959-01). This research was also supported by the National Institute of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice, Award No. 2012-IJ-CX-0015. The opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication/program/exhibition are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the Department of Justice or the official views of the National Institutes of Health.

Author contributions

WLJ conceived of the study and its design, performed the statistical analyses, and drafted the manuscript. PCG, WDM, and MAL participated in the interpretation of the data and the finalization of the manuscript, in addition to their role as primary investigators of the TARS study which produced the data used for the current investigation. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Sociology, Center for Family and Demographic Research, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH, 43403, USA

    Peggy C. Giordano, Wendy D. Manning & Monica A. Longmore

  2. Department of Sociology, Anthropology, Social Work and Criminal Justice, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, 48309, USA

    Wendi L. Johnson

Authors
  1. Wendi L. Johnson
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  2. Peggy C. Giordano
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  3. Wendy D. Manning
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  4. Monica A. Longmore
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Correspondence to Wendi L. Johnson.

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Johnson, W.L., Giordano, P.C., Manning, W.D. et al. The Age–IPV Curve: Changes in the Perpetration of Intimate Partner Violence During Adolescence and Young Adulthood. J Youth Adolescence 44, 708–726 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-014-0158-z

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