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Biomass-derived inherently doped multifunctional hierarchically porous carbon as an efficient electrode material for high-performance supercapacitors

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Abstract

Energy storage devices capable of delivering high energy and power are crucial in fulfilling the ever-increasing energy demands. Supercapacitors (SCs) are electrochemical energy storage devices for next-generation applications, exhibiting high energy and power output with ultra-long cycle life. Biomass-derived porous carbon materials are extensively used for the realization of many green energy storage solutions owing to their low cost, abundance, and sustainable characteristics. This study explored an inherently doped hierarchically porous carbon (HPC) derived from an aromatic root, vetiver for SC application. HPC with innately doped iron oxide nanoparticles and heteroatoms (nitrogen and oxygen) was prepared using a facile chemical activation method. The influence of pyrolysis temperature on HPC's morphology, pore structure, and energy storage characteristics was investigated. HPC prepared at 800 °C (HPC-800 °C) demonstrated a tubular morphology with a large specific surface area of 1879 m2 g−1 and a total pore volume of 0.91 cm3 g−1. The tubular morphology in combination with inherent functionalities in HPC augments the transport of ions and electrons within the carbonaceous matrix. Reaping these benefits, the as-fabricated symmetric SC using HPC-800 °C electrodes exhibited a maximum energy density of 67.8 W h kg−1 and power density of 15,000 W kg−1 with ~ 88% capacitance retention after 10,000 cycles. This study opens a scope for developing green supercapacitors for next-generation energy storage systems.

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Funding

The authors acknowledge the financial support from the Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology (IIST) Thiruvananthapuram.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, 695 547, India

    Reshma Chulliyote, Haritha Hareendrakrishnakumar, Sreekala Kunhi Kannan & Mary Gladis Joseph

  2. Department of Chemistry, Providence Women’s College, Kozhikode, 673009, India

    Reshma Chulliyote

  3. Department of Chemistry, Bhagwan Mahavir College of Basic and Applied Sciences, Bhagwan Mahavir University, Surat, 395 017, India

    Haritha Hareendrakrishnakumar

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  1. Reshma Chulliyote
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All authors contributed to this study. Material preparation, and analysis were performed by RC. The interpretation of the results and the first draft of the manuscript was written by RC, HH, SKK, and MGJ. All authors reviewed the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Mary Gladis Joseph.

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Chulliyote, R., Hareendrakrishnakumar, H., Kunhi Kannan, S. et al. Biomass-derived inherently doped multifunctional hierarchically porous carbon as an efficient electrode material for high-performance supercapacitors. J Porous Mater 30, 1129–1141 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10934-022-01408-w

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