Abstract
In this study eco-friendly composite films were prepared based on poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) containing different content of Basella alba stem extract (BA) (1.5 mL, 2.5 mL and 3.5 mL) by cost effective solvent casting technique. The physicochemical properties of the prepared films were investigated using different instrumental techniques. The molecular interaction between PVA and BA was confirmed by FTIR studies. The incorporation of BA at higher content leads to more strengthen and less flexible bio-composite films which was determined by mechanical test. DSC studies confirmed the miscibility of BA with PVA matrix. TGA studies revealed increased thermal stability of PVA/BA composite films in contrast with pristine PVA. The morphological studies disclosed that a uniform distribution of BA at lower content in the bio-composite film. The X-ray Diffraction study illustrated that, increased BA content reduces the semicrystalline structure of PVA. Moreover, Moisture Content, Water Solubility, Water Contact Angle and Water Vapor Transmission Rate results indicated that, bio-composite films had high surface hydrophilicity. Additionally, PVA/BA films exhibited low transparency value compared to control film and improved UV barrier property. Soil degradation rate of PVA/BA films increased as the BA content increased signifying the films are biodegradable in nature. Furthermore, doping of BA into PVA enhanced antibacterial potential of the bio-composite film towards Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. These results suggest that PVA/BA composite films can be utilized as promising material for green packaging application.
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Acknowledgements
The authors sincerely acknowledge the Karnatak University, Dharwad for sanctioning the University Research Seed Grant policy for minor research project (NO. KU/PMEB/2021-22/68). Also, the authors gratefully acknowledge University Science Instrumentation Center (USIC) and Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facilities (SAIF), Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnataka, India. The authors also express their heartfelt gratitude to Dr. Saraswati P. Masti, Principal Investigator, DST-SERB Project No. SB/EMEQ-213/2014, Department of Chemistry, Karnatak Science College, Dharwad, Karnataka, India, for providing Universal Testing Machine(UTM) facility. Authors also acknowledge DST Purse, Phase II Program, grant No. SR/PURSE PHASE-2/13(G), for providing essential characterization facilities. One of the authors Oshin Jacintha D’souza is very thankful to Karnataka University Dharwad for providing University Research Studentship.
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D’souza, O.J., Hiremani, V.D., Gasti, T. et al. Fabrication and Study of Poly (vinyl alcohol) Film Functionalized with Basella alba Stem Extract. J Polym Environ 30, 2888–2904 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-022-02395-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-022-02395-4