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An Adaptive Monitoring Scheme for Automatic Control of Anaesthesia in dynamic surgical environments based on Bispectral Index and Blood Pressure

  • Systems-Level Quality Improvement
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Abstract

During surgical procedures, bispectral index (BIS) is a well-known measure used to determine the patient’s depth of anesthesia (DOA). However, BIS readings can be subject to interference from many factors during surgery, and other parameters such as blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) can provide more stable indicators. However, anesthesiologist still consider BIS as a primary measure to determine if the patient is correctly anaesthetized while relaying on the other physiological parameters to monitor and ensure the patient’s status is maintained. The automatic control of administering anesthesia using intelligent control systems has been the subject of recent research in order to alleviate the burden on the anesthetist to manually adjust drug dosage in response physiological changes for sustaining DOA. A system proposed for the automatic control of anesthesia based on type-2 Self Organizing Fuzzy Logic Controllers (T2-SOFLCs) has been shown to be effective in the control of DOA under simulated scenarios while contending with uncertainties due to signal noise and dynamic changes in pharmacodynamics (PD) and pharmacokinetic (PK) effects of the drug on the body. This study considers both BIS and BP as part of an adaptive automatic control scheme, which can adjust to the monitoring of either parameter in response to changes in the availability and reliability of BIS signals during surgery. The simulation of different control schemes using BIS data obtained during real surgical procedures to emulate noise and interference factors have been conducted. The use of either or both combined parameters for controlling the delivery Propofol to maintain safe target set points for DOA are evaluated. The results show that combing BIS and BP based on the proposed adaptive control scheme can ensure the target set points and the correct amount of drug in the body is maintained even with the intermittent loss of BIS signal that could otherwise disrupt an automated control system.

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Funding

This study was funded by National Chung-Shan Institute of Science & Technology in Taiwan (Grant Numbers: CSIST-095-V201 and CSIST-095-V202).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, and Innovation Center for Big Data and Digital Convergence, Yuan Ze University, Chungli, 320, Taiwan, Republic of China

    Yu-Ning Yu & Jiann-Shing Shieh

  2. School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK

    Faiyaz Doctor

  3. Department of Anesthesiology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan, Republic of China

    Shou-Zen Fan

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  1. Yu-Ning Yu
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  2. Faiyaz Doctor
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Correspondence to Faiyaz Doctor or Jiann-Shing Shieh.

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Yu-Ning Yu, Faiyaz Doctor, Shou-Zen Fan, Jiann-Shing Shieh each declare that they has no conflict of interest.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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This article is part of the Topical Collection on Systems-Level Quality Improvement

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Yu, YN., Doctor, F., Fan, SZ. et al. An Adaptive Monitoring Scheme for Automatic Control of Anaesthesia in dynamic surgical environments based on Bispectral Index and Blood Pressure. J Med Syst 42, 95 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-018-0933-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-018-0933-6

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