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Chitosan Based Polymer Membrane Modified with CuO/Graphene Oxide Nanoparticles: Novel Synthesis, Characterization and Enhanced Methyl Orange Removal

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Abstract

This study developed a novel nanocomposite by blending Chitosan and Polyvinyl Alcohol (Ch/PVA) with 1% Copper Oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs), cross-linked using tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS). Three Ch/PVA-based nanocomposites were synthesized using CuO, Graphene Oxide (GO), and a CuO&GO combination. The research aimed to assess the nanocomposites’ efficacy in removing methyl orange (MO) dye. The X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the fabricated CuO NPs had a monoclinic structure with an average particle size of 16.35 nm. The distinctive bands at 3222 cm−1 for the Ch/PVA composite were confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) results confirmed the NPs were well distributed throughout the matrix and Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) verified the stability of chitosan till 350 °C. The sorption experiments with methyl orange dye were carried out under different pH (2–12), dye concentration (0.025–1.0 mML−1), contact time (0–60 min), and temperature (25–55 °C) to establish the adsorbent at the lab-scale. UV–vis results showed the maximum sorption capacity (72 mM/g) achieved within 10 min with 96% dye removal. The adsorption behavior of nanocomposites was attributed to a physicochemical and monolayer adsorption process. Thermodynamic studies at 328 K confirmed that the adsorption process was spontaneous with ΔG° value − 4.2 KJmol−1. Also, ΔH° and ΔS° were found to be 11.3 and 52.2 KJmol−1 for MO adsorption, respectively. This work paves a new route for developing biodegradable, nontoxic, cost-effective, eco-friendly, and highly efficient adsorbents capable of selectively removing and recycling anionic dyes from wastewater.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the chemistry department and physics department of COMSATS University Islamabad for their invaluable support throughout our research journey. Also, we would like to extend our sincere appreciation to the Sensing and Catalysis Lab (COMSATS University Islamabad) for their invaluable support and collaboration throughout this research work. Thank you, COMSATS University Islamabad, for being such an integral part of this endeavor.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad Campus, Park Road, Chak Shahzad, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan

    Sumra Afzal, Safia Hassan & Syed Aminullah

  2. Department of Physics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad Campus, Park Road, Chak Shahzad, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan

    Zahid Imran

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  1. Sumra Afzal
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  2. Safia Hassan
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  3. Zahid Imran
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  4. Syed Aminullah
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Contributions

Sumra Afzal: Designing of experiment, synthesis of material and Characterization and analysis of the material, Syed Amin Ullah: Figures, review and formal analysis, Zahid Imran and Safia Hassan: Methodology Conceptualization, Writing editing and review, Supervision.

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Correspondence to Safia Hassan or Zahid Imran.

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Afzal, S., Hassan, S., Imran, Z. et al. Chitosan Based Polymer Membrane Modified with CuO/Graphene Oxide Nanoparticles: Novel Synthesis, Characterization and Enhanced Methyl Orange Removal. J Inorg Organomet Polym (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10904-024-03008-4

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