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Systemic Evaluation of Mechanism of Cytotoxicity in Human Colon Cancer HCT-116 Cells of Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Marine Algae Ulva lactuca Extract

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Abstract

In the current study, biogenic silver nanoparticles (U-AgNPs) were synthesized using marine green macro-algal Ulva lactuca extract, and evaluated mechanism behind its anticancer activity against the Human colon cancer (HCT-116). The biogenic U-AgNPs were characterized using various physiochemical techniques. The TEM micrographs confirmed the spherical morphology of synthesized U-AgNPs, with a mean size of 8–14 nm. EDX spectrum as well as ICP-OES confirmed that AgNPs was nearly 90% purity for silver. FTIR Spectra analysis of U-AgNPs confirmed U. lactuca extract bioactive molecules presence over U-AgNPs surface as a stabilizing agent, thereby improving biocompatibility. The cytotoxicity study revealed the dose dependent cell death in colon cancer cells with no loss of viability in normal human colon epithelial cells. Furthermore, the fluorescence micrographs of nucleus staining assay revealed the DNA fragmentation and nucleus condensation of cancer cells treated with U-AgNPs, indicating an apoptosis-mediated cell death. The western bolt and RT-PCR analysis of U-AgNPs treated cancer cells showed the rise in proapoptotic markers (P53, Bax, and P21) and decline in anti-apoptotic markers (Bcl-2), thus confirming the p53-dependent apoptosis mediated cell death in HCT-116. Overall, our study concluded that novel biogenic U-AgNPs nanoparticles, synthesized using marine green macro-algal U. lactuca extract showed efficient anticancer activity against HCT-116 cell line and hence could work as potential therapeutic agent for targeted anti-cancer therapy.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to extend their sincere appreciation to the Director of NRME Research Laboratory, Newredmars Education Pvt Ltd for allowing to carry out the research work. The authors sincerely thank Saveetha Institute of Medical And Technical Sciences (Deemed-to-be University) for their support, encouragement, and extending all the necessary facilities in the university.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, GIET University, Gunupur, Odisha, 765022, India

    Diptikanta Acharya & Sagarika Satapathy

  2. Department of Zoology, Berhampur University, Berhampur, Odisha, 760007, India

    Diptikanta Acharya & Gitanjali Mishra

  3. Department of Biotechnology, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences (Deemed to be University), Karunya Nagar, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641114, India

    Kanti Kusum Yadav

  4. Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (Deemed to be University), Saveetha Nagar, Thandalam, Chennai, 602105, India

    Prathap Somu

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  1. Diptikanta Acharya
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Acharya, D., Satapathy, S., Yadav, K.K. et al. Systemic Evaluation of Mechanism of Cytotoxicity in Human Colon Cancer HCT-116 Cells of Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Marine Algae Ulva lactuca Extract. J Inorg Organomet Polym 32, 596–605 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10904-021-02133-8

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