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Adsorptive Removal of Malachite Green from Water Using Ethylenediamine Fabricated Ni–Cr Bimetallic Composite

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Abstract

The adsorption of malachite green on ethylenediamine—mixed metal oxide composite (MMC) was investigated through a batch study to explore the possibility of removing malachite green from an aqueous solution. MMC has been synthesized by the co-precipitation-induced grafting method and characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, BET surface area, and point of zero charge (pHzpc). Malachite dye adsorption was optimized concerning essential physio-chemical parameters such as variation in contact time, alteration in pH, variable concentration, and temperature. The process follows a combined pseudo-second-order kinetics (R2 = 0.999) and Freundlich isotherm models (R2 = 0.996). The maximum adsorption capacity was calculated to be 574.71 mg/g. Adsorption of dye onto MMC was found to be spontaneous (ΔG = − 4.84 kJ/mol), and endothermic with the value ΔH = 15.72 kJ/mol. Methanol/water solution was found suitable for regenerating the adsorbent. When compared with relevant adsorbents, MMC was found better and more promising adsorbent under ambient conditions. Thus, an energy-efficient and atom economic protocol for the synthesis of ethylenediamine fabricated bimetallic oxide has been achieved with excellent dye removal capacity from water.

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Acknowledgements

M.A.Q., P.P.S., and S.D. thank the Central University of Jharkhand for providing financial assistance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi, 835205, India

    Md. Atif Qaiyum, Roshni Kumari, Jhilirani Mohanta, Priyanka Priyadarsini Samal, Subhashri Dutta & Soumen Dey

  2. Department of Chemistry, The Graduate School College for Women, Jamshedpur, 831001, India

    Banashree Dey

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  1. Md. Atif Qaiyum
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Contributions

MAQ: Data curation, writing the original draft, RK: Review and editing, JM: Data curation, validation, PPS: referencing, SD: artwork, Referencing, BD: manuscript review and language editing, SD: Conceptualization, review and editing, overall supervision.

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Correspondence to Soumen Dey.

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Atif Qaiyum, M., Kumari, R., Mohanta, J. et al. Adsorptive Removal of Malachite Green from Water Using Ethylenediamine Fabricated Ni–Cr Bimetallic Composite. J Clust Sci 34, 963–975 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10876-022-02270-1

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