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Relationships of surface ozone with its precursors, particulate matter and meteorology over Delhi

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The paper presents the temporal variations of surface ozone (O3) and its precursors (oxides of nitrogen (NOX), carbon monoxide (CO), methane (CH4) and non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs)) along with particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) and their relationship with meteorology during January 2012 to December 2014 at an urban site of Delhi, India. The mean mixing ratio of surface O3, NOX, CO, CH4 and NMHCs were 29.5 ± 7.3 ppb, 34.7 ± 11.2 ppb, 1.82 ± 0.52 ppm, 3.07 ± 0.37 ppm and 0.53 ± 0.17 ppm, respectively. This study also comprises an analysis of the relation between UV irradiance and surface O3. A relationship between the total oxidant concentrations (OX) and NOX has been used to identify the regional background O3 values and the local levels of primary pollution. An attempt has been made to identify the existence of NOX or NMHC sensitive regime by charting out relationships between O3, NOX and NMHCs. The respective high pollution periods of surface O3 and PM differ on a seasonal timescale. Linear regression analysis has been used to quantify the negative influence of the chemical constituents of PM (elemental carbon, NO3 −, SO4 2−) on O3 values. Statistical validation using bivariate correlation analysis, multiple linear regression (MLR) analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) strongly describes the intricate relationships among the aforesaid variables and meteorology. Potential Source Contribution Function (PSCF) and Concentration Weighted Trajectory (CWT) analysis indicated upper Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) as a significant source region of O3 precursor gases contributing for O3 values at the study site.

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Acknowledgments

Authors are thankful to the Director, CSIR-National Physical Laboratory (NPL), New Delhi and Head, Environmental and Biomedical Metrology Division, CSIR-NPL, New Delhi, India for their constant encouragement and support. Authors thankfully acknowledge the ISRO-GBP, Ahmedabad for financial support under the AT-CTM program (GAP-114732). The authors would like to thank Dr. S.R. Radhakrishnan, Scientist, CSIR-NPL, New Delhi for providing meteorological datasets. One of the authors (AS) thanks the University Grants Commission (UGC), New Delhi for awarding the Junior Research Fellowship (JRF). The authors are thankful to the anonymous reviewers for their constructive suggestions to improve the manuscript.

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  1. Environmental and Biomedical Metrology Division, CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr KS Krishnan Road, New Delhi, -110012, India

    Ashima Sharma, T. K. Mandal, S. K. Sharma, D. K. Shukla & S. Singh

  2. Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-National Physical Laboratory Campus, Dr. K S Krishnan Road, New Delhi, -110012, India

    Ashima Sharma, T. K. Mandal, S. K. Sharma & S. Singh

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  1. Ashima Sharma
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  2. T. K. Mandal
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  3. S. K. Sharma
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Correspondence to T. K. Mandal.

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Sharma, A., Mandal, T.K., Sharma, S.K. et al. Relationships of surface ozone with its precursors, particulate matter and meteorology over Delhi. J Atmos Chem 74, 451–474 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10874-016-9351-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10874-016-9351-7

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