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Visible light-driven photocatalyst δ‑Bi7VO13 nanoparticles synthesized by thermal plasma

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Abstract

Understanding the electronic structure of photocatalysts is crucial for enhancing their efficiency. In this study, we have successfully synthesized novel monoclinic bismuth vanadate (Bi7VO13) nanoparticles using the gas phase condensation technique, with an average particle size of 40 nm. To investigate the crystallographic structure of the as-synthesized nanoparticles, we conducted X-ray diffraction (XRD) experiments. Additionally, we employed advanced characterization techniques to provide a detailed analysis of the electronic structure of Bi7VO13 nanoparticles. This study presents the first report on the electronic structure of Bi7VO13 nanoparticles using the aforementioned spectroscopic methods. Remarkably, the investigation revealed that the valence band maximum (VB) and conduction band minimum (CB) are dominated by O 2p and V 3d states, respectively.

Moreover, X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) reveals splitting the V 3d conduction band state into a triplet d-manifold at the V L-edge and O K-edge. This splitting arises from the lattice distortion induced by lone pairs, which gives rise to a band gap of 2.28 eV. Under visible light irradiation, the Bi7VO13 nanoparticles exhibit efficient visible light absorption, highlighting their potential for photocatalytic applications. Notably, our experiments demonstrated outstanding photodegradation properties of methylene blue, serving as a model effluent, further underscoring the photocatalytic progress of Bi7VO13 nanoparticles. In conclusion, this research explains the functioning of Bi7VO13 photocatalysts and opens the doors for utilizing their potential to generate a cleaner and brighter future.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank UGC-BSR, Delhi, for the financial assistance to conduct this research. The authors also thank Mr. Avinash Wadiker for his help in XPS and VBS measurements at the AIPES beam line on INDUS-1.

Funding

Dr. Kekade S. S. reports that UGC-BSR, Delhi provided financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Radhabai Kale Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Ahemdnagar, 414001, India

    Shankar S. Kekade

  2. Department of Physics, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411007, India

    Shankar S. Kekade, Suyog A. Raut, Vikas L. Mathe & Shankar I. Patil

  3. Consortium for Scientific Research, UGC-DAE, Khandwa Road, Indore, 452001, India

    Ram J. Choudhary & Deodatta M. Phase

  4. Chimie des Interactions Plasma Surfaces (ChIPS), University of Mons, 7000, Mons, Belgium

    Suyog A. Raut & Damien Thiry

  5. Department of Zoology, New Arts Commerce & Science College, Ahmednagar, 414001, India

    Trupti S. Barve

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  1. Shankar S. Kekade
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  2. Suyog A. Raut
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  3. Ram J. Choudhary
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  5. Vikas L. Mathe
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  8. Shankar I. Patil
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Contributions

SSK and SAR designed experiments and characterized samples. SSK and SAR synthesized the sample and analyzed the data. SSK carried out XPS, VBS, and XAS measurements and analyzed data with RJC and DP. The manuscript was written through the contribution of all authors. All authors have approved the final version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Shankar S. Kekade.

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Kekade, S.S., Raut, S.A., Choudhary, R.J. et al. Visible light-driven photocatalyst δ‑Bi7VO13 nanoparticles synthesized by thermal plasma. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 34, 2326 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-023-11732-9

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