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Structural, optical, dielectric and magneto-dielectric properties of Ca2+-modified BiFeO3 multiferroics

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Abstract

We report the synthesis and characterization of low leakage and large magneto-dielectric (MD) sol-gel derived Bi1−xCaxFeO3 (x = 0, 5%, 10%) [BCFO] nanocrystalline multiferroic ceramics. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) data analysis revealed a rhombohedral structure for pure BiFeO3 (BFO) and 5% Ca-doped BFO, as well as a mixture of rhombohedral and orthorhombic (R3c + Pbnm) structures for 10% Ca-doped BFO. The dielectric permittivity (ε) data exhibit anomalous dielectric behavior near the magnetic phase transition temperature of BFO, supporting the presence of the MD effect at room temperature. At room temperature, 10% Ca-doped BFO exhibits a strong magneto-dielectric coupling (MD) and shows positive MD effects. The frequency-dependent ac conductivity follows modified Jonscher’s power law. Incorporating Ca reduces the leakage current by five orders of magnitude (for x = 10%) and significantly improves the MD coupling. The optical band gap also significantly reduced from 2.24 to 1.70 eV after calcium substitution, which makes it suitable for use in photovoltaic applications.

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Acknowledgements

Preeti Yadav is grateful to the DST, New Delhi, for giving a fellowship for research under the AORC initiative of the INSPIRE scheme. The authors also acknowledge the DST, New Delhi’s financial support under the FIST Programme for the Centre for Material Sciences (Grant No. SR/FST/PSI-216/2016).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre of Material Sciences, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211002, India

    Preeti Yadav, Arushi Pandey, Bushra Khan & Manoj K Singh

  2. Department of Physics, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303007, India

    Pushpendra Kumar

  3. National Physical Laboratory (CSIR), New Delhi, 110012, India

    Ashok Kumar

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  1. Preeti Yadav
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  2. Arushi Pandey
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Contributions

PY: Material preparation, Original draft, conceptualization and formal analysis. AP: Editing and formal analysis. BK: Conceptualization, editing and formal analysis. PK: Characterization and formal analysis. AK: Characterization and formal analysis. MKS: Characterization, conceptualization, formal analysis, review and supervision.

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Correspondence to Manoj K Singh.

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Yadav, P., Pandey, A., Khan, B. et al. Structural, optical, dielectric and magneto-dielectric properties of Ca2+-modified BiFeO3 multiferroics. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 34, 2043 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-023-11444-0

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