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Crystallite size and recrystallization effect on electrical parameters of highly ion-conductive Ag7Si0.4Ge0.6S5I ceramics

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Abstract

Preparation, phase and microstructural analysis, microhardness, electrical conductivity investigation of Ag7Si0.4Ge0.6S5I nanocrystalline powders and corresponding ceramic materials are reported. The Ag7Si0.4Ge0.6S5I microcrystalline powder were grinded in a ball milling (for 30 and 60 min) to an average particle size ∼ 190 and ∼ 110 nm (determined by SEM). The phase homogeneity of the nanocrystalline powders was established by XRD. Ceramics were fabricated by cold pressing (400 MPa) and following sintering (700 °C). Recrystallization process leads to increasing the crystallites size in ceramics to the values of ∼ 2.09 and ∼ 1.72 μm from initial 190 and 110 nm. Ceramics are characterized by low porosity 7.2 ± 2.5% (for 2.09 μm) and 6.9 ± 2.5% (for 1.72 μm) and chemical homogeneity. Microhardness investigation of both ceramics shown a presence of «normal» indentation size effect. The frequency dependences of the total electrical conductivity are characterized by a sharp increase in electrical conductivity with increasing frequency. The corresponding values of ionic (σion), electronic (σel) conductivity, activation energy (Ea) was determined. Established that ionic conductivity of fabricated from ~ 190 nm powder (7.78 × 10−2 S cm–1) is higher than for ~ 110 nm (7.52 × 10−2 S cm–1). A comparison of the electrical parameters (σion, σel, σion/σel, Ea) of the single crystalline and ceramic materials (with different grain sizes) was performed.

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Data availability

All data generated or analysed during this study are included in this published article. The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would also thank the Armed Forces of Ukraine for providing security to perform this work. This work has become possible only because resilience and courage of the Ukrainian Army.

Funding

This work at Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice was supported by the grant of the Slovak Research and Development Agency under the contract (APVV-20-0324).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Uzhhorod National University, Pidgirna Street 46, Uzhhorod, 88000, Ukraine

    Artem Pogodin, Mykhailo Filep, Tetyana Malakhovska, Vasyl Vakulchak, Iryna Shender, Vitaliy Bilanych & Oleksandr Kokhan

  2. Ferenc Rákóczi II Transcarpathian Hungarian Institute, Kossuth Sq. 6, Beregovo, 90200, Ukraine

    Mykhailo Filep

  3. Institute of Physics, Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafarik University, Park Angelinum 9, Kosice, 04154, Slovakia

    Vladimir Komanicky & Serhii Vorobiov

  4. Comenius University, Mlynska dolina, Bratislava, 84248, Slovakia

    Vitalii Izai, Leonid Satrapinskyy & Peter Kúš

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  1. Artem Pogodin
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by AP, MF, TM, VV, VK, SV, VI, LS, IS, VB, OK, PK. The first draft of the manuscript was written by AP and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Supervision, Visualization, Investigation, Writing—Original draft: AP; Data curation, Visualization, Writing—Original draft: MF; Investigation, Visualization: TM; Investigation: VV; Methodology, Investigation: VK; Investigation: SV; Investigation, Software, Validation: VI; Methodology, Investigation: LS; Methodology, Visualization: IS; Visualization, Writing—Original draft: VB; Conceptualization, Methodology: OK; Writing—Review and Editing: PK.

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Correspondence to Artem Pogodin.

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Pogodin, A., Filep, M., Malakhovska, T. et al. Crystallite size and recrystallization effect on electrical parameters of highly ion-conductive Ag7Si0.4Ge0.6S5I ceramics. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 34, 1865 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-023-11364-z

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