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Impedance behaviors of Nd-doped BiFeO3 ceramics with 0.10 ≤ x ≤ 0.30

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Abstract

The Bi1-xNdxFeO3 (BNFO) ceramics with 0.10 ≤ x ≤ 0.30 were fabricated by the solid-state reaction method. As Nd concentration x increases, the samples experience a structural phase transition from R3c phase to Pnma phase with the intermediate phase Pna21. The systematical study on the impedance spectra that are plotted with various formalisms reveals that the grain effect dominates the single non-Debye thermally activated relaxation process, and an equivalent parallel circuit with RC element and constant phase element can interpret the impedance Nyquist plots for all the samples with a good fitting result. The frequency-dependent normalized impedance and modulus spectra and the ac conductivity analysis suggest the primary role of the localized conductivity in the BNFO system, which may be possibly assisted by small polarons and affected by the structural phase transition in the sample. According to the estimated values of activation energy \(E_{a}\) derived from temperature-dependent dc conductivity data, it is speculated that the doubly ionized oxygen vacancies combined with ferroelectric interactions may be responsible for the short-range movements in the conductivity and relaxation process.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant numbers 11904304 and 91963116], Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province [Grant numbers 2021J011218, 2021J011217, 2021J011215 and 2021I0025].

Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant numbers 11904304 and 91963116], Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province [grant numbers 2021J011218, 2021J011217, 2021J011215 and 2021I0025].

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Opto-Electronic and Communication Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, 361024, China

    Yi Zhou, Xiaohua Huang, Lei Jiang, Hongyi Lin, Zaijun Cheng & Dong Sun

  2. Fujian Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Devices, Xiamen, 361024, China

    Yi Zhou, Xiaohua Huang, Lei Jiang, Hongyi Lin, Zaijun Cheng & Dong Sun

  3. School of Physics, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China

    Ying Hou

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  1. Yi Zhou
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Material preparation and data collection were performed by Yi Zhou and Lei Jiang. Data analysis was performed by Yi Zhou and Xiaohua Huang. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Yi Zhou. Xiaohua Huang revised the manuscript and approved the final version of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Xiaohua Huang.

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Zhou, Y., Huang, X., Jiang, L. et al. Impedance behaviors of Nd-doped BiFeO3 ceramics with 0.10 ≤ x ≤ 0.30. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 33, 25475–25487 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-022-09251-0

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