Abstract
The cobaltite spinel MnCo2O4 nanopowder was prepared by the sol–gel method. X-ray diffraction shows the pure compound that crystallized in the cubic structure with the Fd \(\stackrel{-}{3}\) m space group. The infrared spectrum (IR) revealed two absorption peaks that can be attributed to Mn–O and Co–O vibrations in the octahedral and tetrahedral sites, respectively. The electrical and dielectric studies were characterized by impedance spectroscopy (IS) at different frequencies (40–106Hz) and temperatures (200–440K). As a matter of fact, the DC conductivity exhibits a semiconductor behavior. It is worth mentioning that the conductivity of our investigated cobaltite spinel was found to be σ = 6.10−3 Sm−1 at room temperature. These results allowed this material to be a good candidate for potential application as an anode material (fuel cell). The AC conductivity obeys the Jonscher's law at low temperatures T < 340K and the Drude model at high temperatures T > 340K. Moreover, the dielectric result shows the permittivity (ε '≈ 103) which is due to the contribution of the Maxwell–Wagner polarization.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
L. Duan, F. Gao, L. Wang, S. Jin, H. Wu, J. Adv. Ceram. 23, 266 (2013)
Y. Zhu, X. Pu, W. Song, Z. Wu, Z. Zhou, X. He, F. Lu, M. Jing, B. Tang, X. Ji, J. Alloys Compd. 617, 988 (2014)
R. Tholkappiyan, A.N. Naveen, S. Sumithra, K. Vishista, J Mater. Sci. 50, 5833 (2015)
X. Montero, F. Tietz, D. Sebold, H.P. Buchkremer, A. Ringuedec, M. Cassirc, A. Laresgoiti, I. Villarrea, J. Power Sour. 184, 172 (2008)
J. Li, S. Xiong, X. Li, Y. Qian, Nanoscale 5, 2045 (2013)
M.V. Reddy, C. Yu, F. Jiahuan, K.P. Loh, B.V.R. Chowdari, V. Thavasi, M.V. Reddy, C.H. Sow, S.G. Mhaisalkar, S. Ramakrishna, B.V.R. Chowdari, RSC Adv. 2, 9619 (2012)
M.V. Reddy, Y. Xu, V. Rajarajan, T. Ouyang, B.V.R. Chowdari, ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. 3, 3035 (2015)
H. Liu, J. Wang, Electrochim. Acta. 92, 371 (2013)
T. Li, X. Li, Z. Wang, H. Guo, Y. Li, Q. Zhang, D. He, Y. Chen, P. Hodgson, Y. Li, J. Mater. Chem. 3, 11970 (2015)
Y. Sharma N. Sharma, G. Subbarao, B. Chowdari, Solid State Ionics, 179 (2008) 587.
Y. Liu, L.-J. Cao, C.-W. Cao, M. Wang, K.-L. Leung, S.-S. Zeng, T.F. Hung, C.Y. Chung, Chem. Commun. 50, 14635 (2014)
R. Zhang, J. Liu, H. Guo X. Tong, Mater. Lett., 115 (2014) 208.
M.V. Reddy, Z. Beichen, K.P. Loh, B.V.R. Chowdari, Cryst. Eng. Comm. 15, 3568 (2013)
M. Kumar, A. Subramania, K. Balakrishnan, Electrochim. Acta. 149, 152 (2014)
N. Hosseini, M.H. Abbasi, F. Karimzadeh, G.M. Choi, J. Power Sour. 273, 1073 (2015)
A. Petric, H. Ling, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 90, 1515 (2006)
A.L.M. Reddy, M.M. Shaijumon, S.R. Gowda, P.M. Ajayan, Nano Lett. 9, 1002 (2009)
H.L. Wang, L.F. Cui, Y. Yang, H.S. Casalongue, J.T. Robinson, Y.Y. Liang, Y. Cui, H.J. Dai, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 132, 13978 (2010)
H. Bordeneuve, S. Guillemet-Fritsch, A. Rousset, S. Schuurman, V. Poulain, J. Solid State Chem. 182, 396 (2009)
P.L. Meena, K. Sreenivas, Ravi Kumar, Indian J. Pure Appl. Phys. 52, 625 (2014)
P.L. Meena, K. Sreenivas, Ravi Kumar, Appl. Sci. Lett. 4, 110 (2015)
G.V. Bazuev, A.V. Korolyov, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 320, 2262 (2008)
F.M.M. Borges, D.M.A. Melo, M.S.A. Caˆmara, A.E. Martinelli, J.M. Soares, J..H.. de Arau´ Jo, F..A..O.. Cabral, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 302, 273 (2006)
M. Santos, A. Castro, I. Martinez, P. Filho, O. Peña, Ceram. Int. 40, 7185 (2014)
H. Chouaya, M. Smari, I. Walha, E. Dhahri, M.P.F. Graça, M.A. Valente, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 451, 344 (2018)
A G.K. Williamson, W.H. Hall, Acta Metall., 22 (1953).
H. Bordeneuve, A. Rousset, C. Tenailleau, S. Guillemet-Fritsch, J. Therm Anal Calorim. 101, 137 (2010)
S. Jayasubramaniyan, S. Balasundari, P.A. Rayjada, R. Arockia Kumar, N. Satyanarayana, P. Muralidharan, J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 29, 21194 (2018)
M. Habibi, P. Bagheri, J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 28, 289 (2017)
T. Brylewski, W. Kucza, A. Adamczyk, A. Kruk, M. Stygar, M. Bobruk, J. Dąbrowa Ceram. Int. 40, 13873 (2014)
H. Rahmouni, A. Benali, B. Cherif, E. Dhahri, M. Boukhobza, K. Khirouni, M. Sajieddine, Physica B 466–467, 31 (2015)
S. Karmakar, S. Varma, D. Behera, J. Alloys Compd. 757, 49 (2018)
N.F. Mott, E.A. Davis, Electronic Processes in Non Crystalline Materials (Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1979).
M. Raghasudha, D. Ravinder, P. Veerasomaiah, K.M. Jadhav, M. Hashim, P. Bhatt, S.S. Meena, J. Alloys Compd. 694, 366 (2017)
P. Chavan, L.R. Naik, Phys. Status Solidi A 214(9), 1700077 (2017)
S.B. Amor, A. Benali, M. Bejar, E. Dhahri, K. Khirouni, M.A. Valente, M.P.F. Graça, F. Al-Turjman, J. Rodriguez, A. Radwan, J. Mol. Struct. 1184, 298 (2019)
A.K. Jonscher, Dielectric Relaxation in Solids (Chelsea Dielectric Press, London, 1983).
N.F. Mott, E.A. Davis, Electronic Process in Non-Crystalline Materials (Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1979).
A. Kahouli, A. Sylvestre, F. Jomni, B. Yangui, J. Legrand, J. Phys. Chem. A 116, 1051 (2012)
S. Hcini, E. Oumezzine, M. Baazaoui, H. Rahmouni, K. Khirouni, E.K. Hlil, M. Oumezzine, Appl. Phys. A 120, 1453 (2015)
S. Nasri, A.L. Ben Hafsia, M. Tabellout, M. Megdich, RSC Adv. 6, 76659 (2016)
A. Benali, B.M.G. Melo, P.R. Prezas, M. Bejar, E. Dhahri, M.A. Valente, M.P.F. Graça, B.A. Nogueira, B.F.O. Costa, J. Alloys Compd. 775, 304 (2019)
E. Oumezzine, S. Hcini, F.I.H. Rhouma, M. Oumezzine, J. Alloys Compd. 726, 187 (2017)
C. Rayssi, S. El-Kossi, J. Dhahri, K. Khirouni, J. Alloys Compd. 759, 93 (2018)
K. Funke, Prog. Solid State Chem. 22, 111 (1993)
H. Felhi, R. Lahouli, M. Smari, H. Rahmouni, K. Khirouni, E. Dhahri, J. Mol. Struct. 1179, 1 (2019)
A. Benali, S. Azizi, M. Bejar, E. Dhahri, M.F.P. Graça, Ceram. Int 40, 14367 (2014)
R. Kumar, S.K. Arora, I.V. Shvets, N.E. Rajeevan, P.P. Pradyumnan, D.K. Shukla, J. Appl. Phys. 105, 07D910 (2009)
N.E. Rajeevan, R. Kumar, D.K. Shukla, P.P. Pradyumnan, S.K. Arora, I.V. Shvets, Mater. Sci. Eng. B 163, 48 (2009)
S.R. Elliot, F.E.G. Henn, J. Non-Cryst, Solids 32, 107 (1990)
R.N. Bhowmik, Mater. Res. Express 1, 015903 (2014)
R. Jemaï, R. Lahouli, S. Hcini, H. Rahmouni, K. Khirouni, J. Alloys Compd. 705, 340 (2017)
S. Nasri, A.L. Ben Hafsia, M. Tabelloutd, M. Megdiche, RSC Adv. 6, 76659 (2016)
S.Nasri, M. Megdiche, M. Gargouri, Ceram. Int., 42(1, Part A) (2016) 943.
E. Barsoukov, J. Ross Macdonald, Impedance Spectroscopy Theory, Experimentand Applications, second ed., Wiley Interscience, New York, 2005, p. 14.
U. Intatha, S. Eitssayeam, J. Wang, T. Tunkasiri, Curr. Appl. Phys. 10, 21 (2010)
O. Bohnke, J. Emery, J.L. Fourquet, Solid State Ionics. 158, 119 (2003)
M. Abdullah Dar, K. Majid, K. Mujasam Batoo, R.K. Kotnala, J. Alloys Compd. 632, 307 (2015)
C.G. Koops, Phys. Rev. 83, 121 (1951)
L. Chauhan, A.K. Shukla, K. Sreenivas, Ceram. Int. 41, 8341 (2015)
C.H. Rayssi, S. El.Kossi, J. Dhahri, K. Khirouni, RSC Adv. 8, 17139 (2018)
R. Tholkappiyan, A. Nirmalesh, S. Naveen, K. Sumithra, J. Vishista, Mater. Sci. 50, 5833 (2015)
C.G. Koops, Phys. Rev. 6, 108 (1997)
J.C. Maxwell, Oxford University Press, London, 1973
K.W. Wagner, Ann. Phys. 40, 818 (1993)
A. Omri, M. Bejar, E. Dhahri, M. Es-Souni, M.A. Valente, M.P.F. Graca, L.C. Costa, J. Alloys Compd. 536, 173 (2012)
K.P. Padmasree, D.D. Kanchan, A.R. Kulkami, Solid State Ionics 177, 475 (2006)
P. Sangaiya, R. Jayaprakash, J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 31(18), 15153–15174 (2020)
P. Sangaiya, R. Jayaprakash, Mater. Sci. Semicond. Process 85, 40–51 (2018)
P. Sangaiya, R.J. Jayaprakash, Supercond. Novel Magn. 31, 3397–3413 (2018)
T. Badapanda, S. Sarangi, S. Parida, B. Behera, B. Ojha, S. Anwar, J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 26, 3069 (2015)
A. Dutta, T.P. Sinha, J. Phys. Chem. Solids 67, 1484 (2006)
R. Bergman, J. Appl. Phys. 88, 1356 (2000)
R. Lahouli, J. Massoudi, M. Smari, H. Rahmouni, K. Khirouni, E. Dhahri, L. Bessais, RSC Adv. 9, 19949 (2019)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Zaouali, A., Dhahri, A., Boughariou, A. et al. High electrical conductivity at room temperature of MnCo2O4 cobaltite spinel prepared by sol–gel method. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 32, 1221–1232 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-020-04895-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-020-04895-2