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Electrochemical properties and kinetics of Li–Cu co-doping LiMn2O4 cathode materials

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Abstract

Li1.05Cu0.05Mn1.90O4 cathode materials were synthesized by liquid phase combustion method at different temperatures from 400 to 700 °C. All samples show good crystallinity and conform to the Fd3m space group of spinel LiMn2O4. The Li1.05Cu0.05Mn1.90O4 sample prepared at 600 °C has a sharp diffraction peak compared to the pristine LiMn2O4, while no impurities are detected. Both the Li–Cu co-doping and calcination temperature have effects on the morphology and particle size distribution. The electrochemical properties reveal that initial discharge capacity of the Li1.05Cu0.05Mn1.90O4 is 102.4 mAh g−1 and pristine LiMn2O4 electrode is 105.3 mAh g−1. After 1000 cycles, the capacity retention rate of the pristine LiMn2O4 (63.0%) has less than 74.3% of the Li1.05Cu0.05Mn1.90O4 sample. The lithium-ion diffusion coefficient indicates that the as-prepared Li1.05Cu0.05Mn1.90O4 electrode (1.58 × 10−10 cm2 s−1) at 600 °C displays better Li+ diffusion ability when compared with the pristine LiMn2O4 (8.06 × 10−11 cm2 s−1). Simultaneously, the apparent activation energy further demonstrates that the Li1.05Cu0.05Mn1.90O4 (22.84 kJ/mol) electrode has lower polarization when compared with the LiMn2O4 (34.95 kJ/mol) electrode. These results show that synergistic effect of the Li+ and Cu2+ enhances the cycle reversibility and kinetics properties in cycle of the electrode.

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Acknowledgements

Linqiao Liang and Mingwu Xiang contributed equally to this work. This work was financially supported by the project for the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51972282, 51462036, U1602273).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Green Preparation Technology of Biobased Materials, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, China

    Linqiao Liang, Mingwu Xiang, Wei Bai, Junming Guo, Changwei Su, Lingyan Yang, Hongli Bai & Xiaofang Liu

  2. Key Laboratory of Green-chemical Materials in University of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, China

    Linqiao Liang, Mingwu Xiang, Wei Bai, Junming Guo, Changwei Su, Lingyan Yang, Hongli Bai & Xiaofang Liu

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Liang, L., Xiang, M., Bai, W. et al. Electrochemical properties and kinetics of Li–Cu co-doping LiMn2O4 cathode materials. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 31, 286–297 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-019-02502-7

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