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Evolution of the hardness and Young’s moduli of interlayers in Sn99Cu1/Cu solder joints subjected to isothermal ageing

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Abstract

The interlayers at solder/pad interface are critical to the reliability of solder joints; hence, their mechanical properties is of vital importance. However, the correlation between service duration and evolution of mechanical characteristics of these interlayers has seldom been reported. In this work, hardness and Young’s moduli of Cu6Sn5, Cu3Sn and Cu were evaluated by nanoindenation after ageing for every 100 h up to 500 h. It was found that hardness and Young’s moduli of Cu6Sn5 and Cu3Sn dropped with aging and reached the bottom at 200 h and 300 h, respectively, followed by a gradual increase. This U-shape curve was generally opposite to the evolution of corresponding parameters in Cu. Evolution of mechanical properties of IMCs can be attributed to constrained volume shrinkage induced by solid-state reactions that producing IMCs. The resultant stress ultimately affected load–displacement curves recorded by nanoindentation tests. The observed reverse evolution trend of examined parameters of Cu and adjacent IMC layers was a result of mutual constraint posed by Cu3Sn/Cu interface.

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by a Marie Curie International Research Staff Exchange Scheme Project within the 7th European Community Framework Programme, No. PIRSES-GA-2010-269113, entitled “Micro-Multi-Material Manufacture to Enable Multifunctional Miniaturised Devices (M6),” the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No: 60976076), and a China-European Union technology cooperation project, No. 1110. The authors also acknowledge the open funding via State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology (No: P2018-018).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, 122 Luoshi Road, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China

    Li Liu

  2. Wolfson School of Mechanical, Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, UK

    Zhiwen Chen & Changqing Liu

  3. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China

    Bing An & Yiping Wu

  4. State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, People’s Republic of China

    Li Liu

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  1. Zhiwen Chen
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  2. Changqing Liu
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Correspondence to Li Liu.

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Chen, Z., Liu, C., An, B. et al. Evolution of the hardness and Young’s moduli of interlayers in Sn99Cu1/Cu solder joints subjected to isothermal ageing. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 28, 17461–17467 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-017-7680-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-017-7680-1

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