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Engineered WO3 nanorods for conformal growth of WO3/BiVO4 core–shell heterojunction towards efficient photoelectrochemical water oxidation

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Abstract

High aspect ratio WO3 nanorods were obtained by post growth transformation of ammonium tungsten bronze ((NH4)0.33·WO3) nanorods which are grown via a facile solvothermal method. Influence of capping agents, reaction temperature and annealing temperature on the morphologies and performances of (NH4)0.33·WO3 films have been investigated and the growth mechanism of (NH4)0.33·WO3 nanorods was also explored. The results show that NH4 + plays a key role for formation of rod-like morphology at appropriate reaction temperature. Monoclinic WO3 nanorods were obtained via removal of ammonium by annealing the synthesized (NH4)0.33·WO3 at 500 °C in air. Conformal WO3/BiVO4 heterojunction was also synthesized using PLD to extend its light harvest range as well as enhance the charge separation. The heterojunction was characterized to demonstrate efficient photocatalytic water splitting by core–shell arrays constructed based on high aspect ratio nanowires.

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Acknowledgements

This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51236007, 51202186).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, International Research Centre for Renewable Energy, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710049, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China

    Jinzhan Su, Tao Zhang & Lu Wang

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  1. Jinzhan Su
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  2. Tao Zhang
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  3. Lu Wang
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Correspondence to Jinzhan Su.

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Su, J., Zhang, T. & Wang, L. Engineered WO3 nanorods for conformal growth of WO3/BiVO4 core–shell heterojunction towards efficient photoelectrochemical water oxidation. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 28, 4481–4491 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-016-6082-0

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