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In-depth structure characterization and properties of (1−x)(Li0.05Na0.475K0.475)(Nb0.95Sb0.05)O3−xBiFeO3 lead-free piezoceramics

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Abstract

(1−x)(Li0.05Na0.475K0.475)(Nb0.95Sb0.05O3)−xBiFeO3 ceramics were prepared by the conventional sintering method. The microstructure, phases and their relative volume fractions were investigated in detail by using transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Fullprof and Topas softwares were also used to refine the X-ray diffraction data to confirm the crystal structure. The refinement results show that for x ≤ 0.008, the ceramics consists of the orthorhombic and tetragonal perovskite phases, and the fraction of the orthorhombic phase decreases from 50.66 % for x = 0.0 to 40.62 % for x = 0.008. When x = 0.01, the ceramics has a mixed microstructure with three coexisting phases: the orthorhombic, tetragonal perovskite phases and tetragonal tungsten bronze-type structure phase, and the fraction of the tetragonal tungsten bronze-type structure phase is 6.72 %. The selected area electron diffraction data is also consistent with the space groups for all of the above phases. This system also exhibits good ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties for applications, for example, at x = 0.004, the ceramic samples have a piezoelectric constant (d 33) of 272 pC/N and remanent polarization (P r) of 20.6 μC/cm2.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are very grateful to Professor G.H. Rao for his supervision in the refining of the crystal structure. This work was financially also supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (51102056), Guangxi Natural Science Foundation (2012GXNSFGA060002, 2012GXNSFAA053198), the Key Laboratory of Inorganic function material and device, Chinese Academy of Sciences(KLIFMD-2011-03), Research funds Guangxi Experiment Center of Information Science (20130309), and Program for Excellent Talents in Guangxi Higher Education Institutions.

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  1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, China

    M. H. Jiang, G. Q. Zhao, Z. F. Gu, G. Cheng, X. Y. Liu, L. Li & Y. S. Du

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  1. M. H. Jiang
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  2. G. Q. Zhao
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  3. Z. F. Gu
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  4. G. Cheng
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  5. X. Y. Liu
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  6. L. Li
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Correspondence to M. H. Jiang.

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Jiang, M.H., Zhao, G.Q., Gu, Z.F. et al. In-depth structure characterization and properties of (1−x)(Li0.05Na0.475K0.475)(Nb0.95Sb0.05)O3−xBiFeO3 lead-free piezoceramics. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 26, 9366–9372 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-015-3128-7

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