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Stability of ultra-fine and nano-grains after severe plastic deformation: a critical review

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Abstract

In this critical note, the thermal stability behavior of ultra-fine grained (UFG) and nano-structured (NS) metals and alloys produced through severe plastic deformation (SPD) techniques is reviewed. For this case, the common engineering metals with body-centered cubic (BCC), face-centered cubic (FCC), and hexagonal close-packed (HCP) crystal structures such as aluminum, copper, nickel, magnesium, steel, titanium, and their relating alloys were assessed. Microstructural evolution in these severely deformed materials following post-processing annealing treatment was investigated for various times and temperatures below the recrystallization point. The microstructure development reported in the literature was studied in terms of the stable grain structures correlated with different levels of plastic straining. The stacking fault energy (SFE) is noted to be a key issue which has a critical influence in predicting the coalescence or coarsening behavior of ultra-fine and nanoscale grains after SPD treatment by controlling the cross-slip phenomenon for screw dislocations.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, P.O. Box, 11155-4563, Tehran, Iran

    Farzad Khodabakhshi

  2. Marine Additive Manufacturing Centre of Excellence (MAMCE), University of New Brunswick, 3 Bailey Drive, P.O. Box 4400, Fredericton, NB, E3B 5A1, Canada

    Farzad Khodabakhshi & Mohsen Mohammadi

  3. Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada

    Adrian P. Gerlich

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Khodabakhshi, F., Mohammadi, M. & Gerlich, A.P. Stability of ultra-fine and nano-grains after severe plastic deformation: a critical review. J Mater Sci 56, 15513–15537 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-021-06274-6

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