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Preparation and characterization of photocatalytic TiO2 films on functionalized stainless steel

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Abstract

In this study, TiO2 was synthesized using controlled hydrolysis of TiCl4, followed by dialysis. We produced a transparent emulsion that was later dried into TiO2 powder. TiO2 photocatalyst films were deposited applying the technique of pulsed electrophoretic deposition, which decreased bubble formation caused by direct current. The substrates were bare stainless steel (SS) and stainless steel pre-functionalized in a conversion bath. Film surface morphology, crystallinity, elemental composition, and wettability were determined using XRD, SEM–EDAX, and contact angle measurements. The mechanical properties were determined by nano-indentation test. The adhesion was investigated using scratch test. The obtained results showed that the TiO2 film over a conversion layer had better adhesion and mechanical properties than TiO2 over bare SS. The optical characteristics of TiO2 films were tested using PL measurement. The photocatalytic decolourization of the amido black-10B dye was studied over TiO2 coating under UV and visible light irradiation. TiO2 film over a conversion layer without heat treatment exhibited the best photocatalytic activity as a result of its crystalline size and three-phase structure as well as the synergetic effect of TiO2 and Fe2O3.

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Abbreviations

PL:

Photoluminescence

W B :

Brookite mass fraction

W R :

Rutile mass fraction

W A :

Anatase mass fraction

D B :

Brookite diameter

D R :

Rutile diameter

D A :

Anatase diameter

COD:

Chemical oxygen demand

AB-10B:

Amido black-10B

A A :

Anatase intensity

A B :

Brookite intensity

AB:

Amido black

E :

Young’s modulus

H :

Hardness

SS:

Stainless steel

CL:

Conversion layer

DC:

Direct current

L C :

Load charge

EPD:

Electrophoretic deposition

Pulsed EPD:

Pulsed electrophoretic deposition

A R :

Rutile intensity

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Acknowledgements

This research was undertaken under the frame of the Contract Programme between the Center of Water Research and Technologies (CERTE) and the Ministry in charge of the research in Tunisia. It is carried between the Laboratory of Wastewater and Environment of CERTE and the National High School of Engineers of Tunisia.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center of Water Research and Technologies, Technopark of Borj-Cedria, PO-box No 273 - 8020, Soliman, Tunisia

    Nesrine Barbana, Adel Ben Youssef & Latifa Bousselmi

  2. National High School of Engineers of Tunisia, University of Tunis, 5 Taha Hussein Street, 1008, Tunis, Tunisia

    Adel Ben Youssef & Hafedh Dhiflaoui

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  1. Nesrine Barbana
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  2. Adel Ben Youssef
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Correspondence to Latifa Bousselmi.

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Barbana, N., Ben Youssef, A., Dhiflaoui, H. et al. Preparation and characterization of photocatalytic TiO2 films on functionalized stainless steel. J Mater Sci 53, 3341–3363 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-017-1755-5

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