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Treatment outcomes of combination of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injection and laser photocoagulation in Type 1 ROP and APROP

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Abstract

Purpose

To study treatment outcomes of combination treatment of intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injection and laser photocoagulation in Type 1 Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) and Aggressive Posterior ROP (APROP).

Methods

This is a retrospective observational study of 87 eyes of 48 premature babies who presented with Type I ROP or APROP and were treated with combination of laser and anti-VEGF therapy. Retrospective evaluation of case records was done to collect data on gestational age, birth weight, age at intervention, anterior segment and fundus findings, intervention with laser and anti-VEGF and response to treatment. Outcome measure was defined as attached retina at posterior pole at last follow-up.

Results

Mean gestational age was 29.1 weeks, and mean birth weight was 1226.9 gms. Sixty-six (75.8%) eyes had Type I ROP and 21 (24.1%) eyes had APROP at presentation. Five eyes (3 patients) were lost to follow-up after treatment. Of 82 eyes, 80.5% (66 eyes) showed regression of ROP following combination treatment and 19.5% (16 eyes) needed surgery. Of these, 15 underwent surgery and 12 had successful outcome. Mean follow-up duration of patients was 52 weeks. Finally, 95.1% (78 eyes) had attached retina at posterior pole and 4.9% (4 eyes) had detached retina.

Conclusion

We conclude that combination therapy is an effective and safe treatment strategy for Type I ROP and APROP.

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Funding

No funds, grants, or other support was received. The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Shree Bhagwan Mahavir Vitreoretinal Services, SankaraNethralaya, Medical Research Foundation, SankaraNethralaya, No. 18, College Road, Nungambakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600016, India

    Parveen Sen, Aditi Ashok Kumar Agarwal, Pramod Bhende & Suganeswari Ganesan

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  1. Parveen Sen
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  2. Aditi Ashok Kumar Agarwal
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Contributions

PS, AA, PB, and SG contributed to concept and design; PS, AA, PB, and SG contributed to data collection; PS, AA, PB, and SG contributed to analysis and interpretation; PS, AA, PB, and SG contributed to overall responsibility; Data Availability: authors have access to data and can be shared if needed.

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Correspondence to Parveen Sen.

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The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.

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Ethical approval was waived by the local Ethics Committee of the Medical Research Foundation, Chennai, in view of the retrospective nature of the study.

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Written informed consent was obtained from the parents.

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Sen, P., Agarwal, A.A.K., Bhende, P. et al. Treatment outcomes of combination of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injection and laser photocoagulation in Type 1 ROP and APROP. Int Ophthalmol 42, 95–101 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-021-02004-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-021-02004-8

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