Abstract
A quantum designated multi- verifier signature (QDMVS) scheme is proposed. In this scheme, the signer can simultaneously designate multiple verifiers to verify the validity of the signature; the signature’s validity can be verified if and only if all the designated verifiers involve in the verification process. Moreover, all the verifiers can work together to generate an indistinguishable signature from the signer, so any third party can not confirm whether the signer or all the verifiers signed the original message. Security analysis shows that our QDMVS scheme is resistant to various attacks. On top of that, our scheme does not need any trusted third party, quantum one- way functions (QOWF), or quantum state swapping tests (SWAP). Therefore, the proposed QDMVS scheme is more efficient than similar schemes.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Diffie, W., Hellman, M.: New direction in cryptography. IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory 22(6), 664 (1976)
Jakobsson, M., Sako, K., Impagliazzo, R.: Designated verifier proofs and their applications. In: Maurer, U. (ed.) Advances in Cryptology-Eurocrypt 1996, pp. 142–154. Springer, Berlin (1996)
Laguillaumie, F., Vergnaud, D.: Multi-designated verifiers signatures. In: Lopez, J., Qing, S., Okamoto, E. (eds.) Information and Communications Security. ICICS 2004, LNCS 3269, pp. 495–507. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2004)
Chow, S.S.M.: Identity-Based Strong Multi-Designated Verifiers Signatures. In: Atzeni, A.S., Lioy, A. (eds) Public Key Infrastructure. EuroPKI 2006. LN CS 4043, pp.257–259. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2006)
Laguillaumie, F., Vergnaud, D.: Multi-designated verifiers signatures: Anonymity without encryption. Inf. Process. Lett. 102(2), 127–132 (2007)
Vergnaud, D.: New extensions of pairing-based signatures into universal (multi) designated verifier signatures. Int. J. Found. Comput. Sci. 20(1), 109–133 (2009)
Tian, H.: A new strong multiple designated verifiers signature. Int. J. Grid Util. Comput. 3(1), 1–11 (2012)
Au, M.H., Yang, G., Susilo, W., Zhang, Y.: (strong) multidesignated verifiers signatures secure against rogue key Attack. Concurr. Comput. Practice Exp. 26(8), 1574–1592 (2014)
Yang, B., Xiao, Z., Yang, Y., et al.: A strong multi- designated verifiers signature scheme. Front. Electr. Electron. Eng. Ch. 3, 167–170 (2008)
Ng, C.Y., Susilo, W., Mu, Y.: Universal designated multi verifier signature schemes. In: 11th International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems (ICPADS’05) 2, pp. 305–309. IEEE. (2005)
Chang, T.Y.: An ID-based multi-signer universal designated multi-verifier signature scheme. Inf. Comput. 209(7), 1007–1015 (2011)
Ming, Y., Wang, Y.: Universal designated multi verifier signature scheme without random oracles. Wuhan Univ. J. Nat. Sci. 13(6), 685–691 (2008)
Seo, S.H., Hwang, J.Y., Choi, K.Y., Lee, D.H.: Identity- based universal designated multi-verifiers signature schemes. Comput. Stand. Interfaces 30(5), 288–295 (2008)
Deng, L., Zeng, J., Huang, H.: ID-based multi-signer universal designated multi-verifier signature based on discrete logarithm. Chiang Mai J. Sci. 45(1), 617–624 (2018)
Rastegari, P., Dakhilalian, M., Berenjkoub, M., Susilo, W.: Multi- designated verifiers signature schemes with threshold verifiability: Generic pattern and a concrete scheme in the standard model. IET Inf. Secur. 13(5), 459–468 (2019)
Qu, Y., Zeng, J.: Identity- based ring signature scheme with multi-designated verifiers. Int. J. Ad Hoc Ubiquitous Comput. 43(1), 18–28 (2023)
Lin, HY.: Time- constrained strong multi-designated verifier signature suitable for Internet of things-based collaborative fog computing systems. International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks. 17(3), 1–17. (2021). https://doi.org/10.1177/15501477211001760
Shor, P.W.: Polynomial- time algorithms for prime factorization and discrete logarithms on a quantum computer. SIAM J. Comput. 26(5), 1484–1509 (1997)
Huang, Y., Su, Z., Zhang, F., et al.: Quantum algorithm for solving hyper elliptic curve discrete logarithm problem. Quantum. Inf. Process 19, 62 (2020)
Gottesman, D., Chuang, I.: Quantum digital signatures. (2001) arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0105032
Wen, X., Niu, X., Ji, L., Tian, Y.: A weak blind signature scheme based on quantum cryptography. Opt. Commun. 282(4), 666–669 (2009)
Su, Q., Zheng, H., Qiaoyan, W., Wenmin, L.: Quantum blind signature based on two- state Vector Formalism. Opt. Commun. 283(21), 4408–4410 (2010)
Yang, C.W., Hwang, T., Luo, Y.-P.: Enhancement on Quantum Blind Signature based on two- state Vector Formalism. Quantum. Inf. Process 12(1), 109–117 (2013)
Li, W., Shi, J., Shi, R., Guo, Y.: Blind Quantum Signature with controlled four- particle Cluster States. Int. J. Theor. Phys. 56(8), 2579–2587 (2017)
Shi, W.M., Zhang, J.B., Zhou, Y.H., Yang, Y.G.: A new quantum blind signature with unlinkability. Quantum Inf. Process 14(8), 3019–3030 (2015)
Luo, Y.-P., Tsai, S.L., Hwang, T., Kao, S.H.: On a new quantum blind signature with unlinkability. Quantum Inf. Process 16(4), 87 (2017)
Zhou, J., Zhou, Y., Niu, X., Yang, Y.: Quantum proxy signature scheme with public verifiability. Sci. China Phys. 54(10), 1828 (2011)
Wang, T.Y., Wei, Z.-L.: One- time proxy signature based on quantum cryptography. Quantum Inf. Process 11(2), 455–463 (2012)
Yang, C.-W., Luo, Y.P., Hwang, T.: Forgery Attack on one-time proxy signature and the improvement. Quantum Inf. Process 13(9), 2007–2016 (2014)
Shi, W.M., Zhou, Y.H., Yang, Y.G.: A real quantum designated verifier signature scheme. Int. J. Theor. Phys. 54, 3115–3123 (2015)
Shi, W.M., Wang, Y.M., Zhou, Y.H., Yang, Y.G., Zhang, J.B.: A scheme on converting quantum signature with public verifiability into quantum designated verifier signature. Optik 164, 753–759 (2018)
Xin, X., Wang, Z., Yang, Q., et al.: Quantum designated verifier signature based on Bell states. Quantum Inf. Process 19, 79 (2020)
Xin, X., Wang, Z., Wang, Y.: Identity-based quantum designated verifier signature. Int. J. Theor. Phys. 59, 918–929 (2020)
Rong, M.X., Xin, X.J., Li, F.G.: Quantum signature for designated verifier with strong security. Acta Phys. Sinica 69, 190302 (2020)
Zhang, L., Zhang, J.H., Xin, X.J., et al.: Quantum designated Verifier signature Scheme with Semi-trusted Third- Party. Int. J. Theor. Phys. 62, 166 (2023)
Zhang, Y., Xin, X., Li, F.: Secure and efficient quantum designated verifier signature scheme. Modern Phys. Lett. A. 35(18), 2050148 (2020)
Zheng, M., Xue, K., Li, S., et al.: A practical quantum designated verifier signature scheme for E-voting applications. Quant. Inf. Process. 20, 230 (2021)
Zhang, L., Zhang, J.H., Xin, X.J., Huang, M., Li, C.Y.: Semi- quantum designated Verifier signature Scheme. Int. J. Theor. Phys. 62, 254 (2023)
Xin, X., Ding, L., Li, C., et al.: Quantum public-key designated verifier signature. Quantum Inf. Process 21, 33 (2022)
Bennett, C.H., Brassard, G.: Quantum cryptography: Public key distribution and coin tossing. Theor. Comput. Sci. 560, 7–11 (2014)
Long, G.L., Liu, X.S.: Theoretically efficient high-capacity quantum- key distribution scheme. Phys. Rev. A 65(03), 2302 (2002)
Buhrman, H., Cleve, R., Watrous, J., de Wolf, R.: Quantum fingerprinting. Phys. Rev. Lett. 87(16), 1679 (2001)
Barnett, S.M., Chefles, A., Jex, I.: Comparison of two unknown pure quantum states. Phys. Lett. A 307(4), 189–195 (2003)
Wen, X.J., Liu, Y., Sun, Y.: Quantum multi-signature protocol based on teleportation. Z Naturforsch 62(3–4), 147–151 (2007)
Zuo, H., Zhang, K., Song, T.: Security analysis of quantum multi-signature protocol based on teleportation. Quantum Inf. Process 12(7), 2343–2353 (2013)
Xiao, M., Li, Z.: Quantum broadcasting multiple blind signature with constant size. Quantum Inf. Process 15(9), 3841–3854 (2016)
Qin, H., Tang, W.K.S., Tso, R.: Batch quantum multi-proxy signature. Opt. Quant. Electron. 50(12), 450 (2018)
Jiang, D.H., Hu, Q.Z., Liang, X.Q., Xu, G.B.: A novel quantum multi- signature protocol based on locally indistinguishable orthogonal product states. Quantum Inf. Process 18(9), 268 (2019)
He, Q., Xin, X., Yang, Q.: Security analysis and improvement of a quantum multi- signature protocol. Quantum Inf. Process 20(1), 26 (2021)
Zhang, K., Zhao, X., Zhang, L., Tian, G., Song, T.: A quantum dual- signature protocol based on SNOP States without Trusted participant. Entropy 23(10), 1294 (2021)
Han, R., Zhang, K.J., Hou, K.C., Zhang, L., Zhao, X.: A new quantum multi- party signature protocol based on SNOP states without arbitrator. Phys. A: Stat. Mech. its Appl. 611, 128453 (2023)
Menezes, A.J., Oorschot, P.V., Vanstone, S.A.: Handbook of Applied Cryptography. CRC Press, Boca Raton (1996)
Yang, L., Yang, B., Pan, J.: Quantum public-key encryption with information theoretic security. In: Proceedings of SPIE- The International Society for Optical Engineering, IEEE press, New York, 8440, (2010)
Yang, L., Xiang, C., Li, B.: Quantum probabilistic encryption scheme based on conjugate coding. China Commun. 10(2), 19–26 (2013)
Shor, P.W., Preskill, J.: Simple proof of security of the BB84 quantum key distribution protocol. Phys. Rev. Lett. 85(2), 441 (2000)
Acknowledgements
This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [61502436]; the National Natural Science Foundation of China [61672471].
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
Zhang Ling and Zhang Jia-Hao wrote the main manuscript text; Xin Xiang-Jun and Li Chao-Yang gave the modified advice to improve the manuscript; Huang min prepared the table 3.
Corresponding authors
Ethics declarations
Competing interests
The authors declare no competing interests.
Additional information
Publisher’s Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Zhang, L., Zhang, JH., Xin, XJ. et al. Quantum Designated Multi- verifier Signature. Int J Theor Phys 63, 11 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10773-023-05534-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10773-023-05534-2