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Environmental and temporal variability of the aquatic macrophyte community in riverine environments in the southern Amazonia

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Abstract

Temporal variation in limnological characteristics favors an increase in aquatic macrophyte diversity in Neotropical riverine environments. We assessed temporal and environmental variability in the aquatic macrophyte community in riverine environments of the Tapajós river basin, southern Amazonia, Brazil. Hydroperiod, type of riverine environment, limnological variables, and surrounding woody vegetation were found to influence aquatic macrophyte richness, cover, and dry and fresh biomass. A total of 98 species from 68 genera and 40 families were recorded. The greatest observed richness in streams was during the dry period. Richness, cover, and biomass were greater in lagoons and rivers during rising water and flood hydroperiods. Amphibious and emergent species had higher biomass in flood and receding water hydroperiods. Higher richness, cover, and fresh biomass were mostly related to electrical conductivity. Suspended and dissolved solids reduced species richness in all environments. Greater tree abundance in the surrounding vegetation was associated with higher macrophyte richness in streams and with macrophyte cover and biomass in rivers. The aquatic macrophyte community in southern Amazonia is subject to variation in riverine ecosystem type, tree composition and structure in surrounding vegetation, hydroperiod (temporal variation), and limnological parameters (environmental/temporal variation).

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Fig. 1

Source Adapted from Sinop Energia (2013)

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Acknowledgements

We thank the CNMT Herbarium for providing logistical support for this study. Our thanks to Decanato de Pós-Graduação, Universidade de Brasília for finance support and to the Brazilian governmental agency CAPES (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal e Nível Superior or “Coordination of Personnel Improvement and Higher Education”) for a grant (M. O. Cordova and J. F. Keffer, Finance Code 001). We thank Dr. Arnildo Pott and Dr. Vali Pott for contribution with taxonomic identification. To the professors of the Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso – Sinop, Brazil, Dr. Domingos Rodrigues, Dr. Gustavo Canale, and Dr. Rafael Arruda project coordinators in partnership with Energia Sinop S.A.

Funding

This article was financially supported by the Sinop Energia S.A. (Aquatic Macrophyte Monitoring Subprogram (Water Quality Program) and Decanato de Pós-Graduação, Universidade de Brasília, by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – Brasil (CAPES) – Finance Code 001) for the doctoral thesis grant awarded to the first author.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, 70910900, Brazil

    Milton Omar Córdova & Cássia Beatriz Rodrigues Munhoz

  2. Herbário CNMT, Acervo Biológico da Amazônia Meridional (ABAM), Instituto de Ciências Naturais, Humanas e Sociais – ICNHS, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Sinop, Mato Grosso, 78557267, Brazil

    Milton Omar Córdova, Josiane Fernandes Keffer & Dienefe Rafaela Giacoppini

  3. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Florestal, Setor de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, 80210170, Brazil

    Josiane Fernandes Keffer

  4. Via Brasil BR-163, Via Brasil, Sinop MT, 78550-031, Brazil

    Dienefe Rafaela Giacoppini

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  1. Milton Omar Córdova
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  4. Cássia Beatriz Rodrigues Munhoz
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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by Milton Omar Cordova, Josiane Fernandes Keffer, Dienefe Rafaela Giacoppini, and Cássia Beatriz Rodrigues Munhoz. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Milton Omar Cordova, and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. Later versions were corrected and commented on by Cássia Beatriz Rodrigues Munhoz. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Milton Omar Córdova.

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Córdova, M.O., Keffer, J.F., Giacoppini, D.R. et al. Environmental and temporal variability of the aquatic macrophyte community in riverine environments in the southern Amazonia. Hydrobiologia 851, 1415–1433 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-023-05385-2

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