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Impact of Post-Tropical Storm Arthur (2014) on benthic Arcellinida assemblage dynamics in Harvey Lake, New Brunswick, Canada

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Abstract

Arcellinida (testate lobose amoebae) were examined in surface-sediment samples collected in 2015 from throughout Harvey Lake, New Brunswick, Canada to assess whether the passage of Post-Tropical Storm Arthur in 2014 impacted the distribution of taxa and assemblages. Cluster analysis and non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) revealed four distinct arcellinidan assemblages: (1) Deep Water Reworking Assemblage (DWR; approximately unbiased, AU P-value = 89%); (2) Arsenic Impact Assemblage (AI; AU P-value = 92%); (3) Northern Shallow Water Assemblage A (NSWA; AU P-value = 66%); and (4) Northern Shallow Water Assemblage B (NSWB; AU P-value = 0%). Redundancy analysis (RDA) and partial-RDA results were used to identify four variables that significantly influenced the assemblage composition and explained 20.2% of the arcellinidan distributional variability: [arsenic (As), wind mixing probability (WMP), water depth and sedimentary grain size represented by the very coarse silt end member 2 (EM2) which was 40 μm]. Arsenic concentration in the sediments of Harvey Lake is an important control over the distribution of Arcellinida assemblages. Levels of sedimentary As in samples from the southern part of Harvey Lake, near As-bearing volcanic bedrock in the catchment, exceeded the Probable Effect Level (17 ppm) and Interim Sediment Quality Guideline (5.9 ppm) for this element. Shallower water (less than median water depth of 3.56 m) and highly diverse assemblages NSWA and NSWB (median SDI = 2.6) significantly correlated with wind mixing probability, while deeper water (greater than median = 6.2 m) and moderately to highly diverse assemblages DWR and AI (SDI range 2.4–2.7) associated strongly with EM2. EM2 was derived from the suspension of and redeposition of sediments when the storm water wave base was deepened during the passage of Arthur. Arcellinidans were carried into suspension along with very coarse silt grain particles during the passage of the storm and redeposited at all water depths when wave energy decreased. Water depth of sampling stations should be taken into consideration in lakes that may be periodically impacted by large storms.

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Data availability

The datasets used in this study are available at reasonable request from the corresponding author.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Jochen Schroer of NATECH Environmental Services for providing a shapefile for the Baseline Bathymetry Map. We also acknowledge the contributions of Dr. Sheryl Bartlett, Chairperson New Brunswick Alliance of Lake Associations and Past Chairperson of the Harvey Lake Association for facilitating the research on Harvey Lake. We thank Roy T. Patterson for contributing his time and a boat for sample collection and to Zacchaeus Compson, University of New Brunswick, for aiding in the field collection of samples. We acknowledge the very helpful comments and data checking provided by the anonymous reviewers that significantly improved the manuscript.

Funding

This work was supported by NSERC Discovery (#RGPIN05329) and NRCan Clean Technology (#CGP-17-0704) Grants to RTP.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Ottawa-Carleton Geoscience Centre and Department of Earth Sciences, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel by Drive, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada

    Dan Atasiei, Nawaf A. Nasser, Anqi Wen, R. Timothy Patterson & Jennifer M. Galloway

  2. Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel by Drive, Ottawa, K1S 5B6, Canada

    Calder W. Patterson

  3. Geological Survey of Canada (GSC)/Commission géologique du Canada, Natural Resources Canada (NRCan)/Ressources naturelles Canada (RNCan), 3303-33 Street N.W., Calgary, AB, T2L 2A7, Canada

    Jennifer M. Galloway

  4. School of Natural and Built Environment, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, BT71NN, UK

    Helen M. Roe

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Supplementary Information

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10750_2022_4912_MOESM1_ESM.csv

Supplementary file1 (CSV 5 kb) Appendix 1 Environmental variables (concentration of elements in mg/kg) in the 33 surface-sediment samples

Supplementary file2 (CSV 2 kb) Appendix 2 Arcellinida species count for the 33 surface-sediment samples

10750_2022_4912_MOESM3_ESM.pdf

Supplementary file3 (PDF 6 kb) Appendix 3 A Q-mode cluster analysis dendrogram of the 33 surface-sediment samples. The red number is the approximate unbiased P-value

Supplementary file4 (XLSX 27 kb) Appendix 4 Spearman Rank Correlation Correlogram for all variables in Harvey Lake

Supplementary file5 (XLSX 28 kb) Appendix 5 Spearman Rank Correlation P-value results for all variables in Harvey Lake

10750_2022_4912_MOESM6_ESM.xlsx

Supplementary file6 (XLSX 18 kb) Appendix 6 Assemblage 1 (NWSA) Samples with Associated Variables (Elements and Arcellinida)

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Supplementary file7 (XLSX 14 kb) Appendix 7 Assemblage 2 (AI) Samples with Associated Variables (Elements and Arcellinida)

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Supplementary file8 (XLSX 13 kb) Appendix 8 Assemblage 3 (NSWA) Samples with Associated Variables (Elements and Arcellinida)

10750_2022_4912_MOESM9_ESM.xlsx

Supplementary file9 (XLSX 13 kb) Appendix 9 Assemblage 4 (NSWB) Samples with Associated Variables (Elements and Arcellinida)

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Atasiei, D., Nasser, N.A., Patterson, C.W. et al. Impact of Post-Tropical Storm Arthur (2014) on benthic Arcellinida assemblage dynamics in Harvey Lake, New Brunswick, Canada. Hydrobiologia 849, 3041–3059 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-022-04912-x

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