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Non-toxic antifouling potential of Caatinga plant extracts: effective inhibition of marine initial biofouling

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Abstract

The Caatinga biome, an endemic biome in Brazil with extreme environmental conditions, favors the production of bioactive natural compounds—with a potential antifouling effect—by terrestrial plants. We report antifouling screening of Caatinga plant extracts against marine bacterial biofilm and their toxicity towards non-target organisms. Twelve aqueous plant extracts, collected in the Vale do Catimbau region of PE, Brazil, were employed in different concentrations (0–0.5–1–2–4–8 mg mL−1) in this study. The biofilm and planktonic bacteria inhibition potential were evaluated through flow cytometry and by crystal violet assay. The treatments that showed inhibition of biofilm bacterial density (≥ 80%) and biomass were evaluated for their toxicity. Growth inhibition of the planktonic microalgae, Chaetoceros calcitrans; mortality of the benthic copepod, Nitokra sp.; and mortality and swimming alteration of the planktonic brine shrimp, Artemia salina were used as endpoints. The extracts of Harpochilus neesianus mix and Turnera hermannioides leaves presented ≥ 86% and ≥ 44% inhibition of initial biofouling density and biomass, respectively, without inhibiting marine planktonic bacterial growth, while extracts of Myracrodruon urundeuva leaves showed high antibiotic activity. These extracts were active against marine bacterial biofilms density and biomass and were safe to non-target organisms at lower concentrations. Our study demonstrates the biotechnological potential of plant extracts from Caatinga as an antifouling alternative.

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Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge the support of Universidade Federal of Rio Grande (FURG), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), and Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE) for space, equipment assistance, and plant material, respectively, and Centro de Microscopia Eletrônica do Sul (CEME-SUL) for microscopy analysis, and PNPD-CAPES scholarship.

Funding

This work was supported by the grants PRONEM FAPERGS/CNPq 11/2014 (6/2551-000244-4).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratório de Microcontaminantes Orgânicos e Ecotoxicologia Aquática, Instituto de Oceanografia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Caixa Postal, 474, Rio Grande, RS, CEP: 96203-900, Brazil

    Vanessa Ochi Agostini & Grasiela Lopes Leães Pinho

  2. Laboratório de Biofilmes e Diversidade Microbiana, Faculdade de Farmácia e Centro de Biotecnologia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Ipiranga, 2752, Bairro Azenha, Porto Alegre, RS, 90610-000, Brazil

    Alexandre José Macedo

  3. Laboratório de Zooplâncton, Instituto de Oceanografia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Av. Itália Km 8, Caixa Postal, 474, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil

    Erik Muxagata

  4. Laboratório de Produtos Naturais, Departamento de Bioquímica da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil

    Márcia Vanusa da Silva

  5. Programa Nacional de Pós-Doutorado da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (PNPD-CAPES), Programa de Pós-graduação em Oceanologia (PPGO), Rio Grande, RS, Brazil

    Vanessa Ochi Agostini

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  1. Vanessa Ochi Agostini
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  2. Alexandre José Macedo
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  3. Erik Muxagata
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  4. Márcia Vanusa da Silva
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  5. Grasiela Lopes Leães Pinho
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Correspondence to Vanessa Ochi Agostini.

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The present research is in accordance with Brazilian legislation for the use of genetic patrimony and tradition-associated knowledge under the record numbers: SisGen A08E18B and SisGen A50301E.

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Agostini, V.O., Macedo, A.J., Muxagata, E. et al. Non-toxic antifouling potential of Caatinga plant extracts: effective inhibition of marine initial biofouling. Hydrobiologia 847, 45–60 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-019-04071-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-019-04071-6

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