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Cloning and characterization of BES1/BZR1 transcription factor genes in maize

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Abstract

BES1/BZR1 transcription factors regulate the expression of brassinosteroid-responsive genes and play vital roles in plant growth and response to environmental stimuli. Their regulation mechanism has been well elucidated in genetic model plants. The complexity of the maize genome might lead to evolutional and functional diversification among the members of the ZmBES1/BZR1 gene family. In the present study, eleven members of the ZmBES1/BZR1 gene family were identified by genome-wide analysis, and ten of their open reading frames were successfully amplified. Bioinformatics analysis showed that these genes unevenly distributed on seven of the ten maize chromosomes, with three pairs of segmental duplication genes, and their encoding proteins shared similar motif composition and conserved domains. The expression of the ZmBES1/BZR1 genes displayed much differential in different organs and developmental stages, as well as in response to abscisic acid and light signal. Subcellular localization confirmed that most of them localized in nucleus. More attention should be paid to ZmBES1/BZR1-4 and -5, which were clustered into a distinguished phylogenetic clade, and ZmBES1/BZR1-2 and -7, which localized in chloroplast. The results indicated their similar but not identical functions in brassinosteroid-mediated signaling pathway and would be helpful in further functional study of the ZmBES1/BZR1s in maize.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Applied Basic Project of Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province (2018JY0470), the National Key Science and Technology Special Project (2016ZX08003-004), and the Education Scientific Fund for Young Teacher of the Fujian Education Department (JA15470). The authors thank the technical support from the Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region.

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  1. Haoqiang Yu, Wenqi Feng and Fuai Sun contributed equally to this work.

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  1. Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture; Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People’s Republic of China

    Haoqiang Yu, Wenqi Feng, Fuai Sun, YuanYuan Zhang, JingTao Qu, Bingliang Liu, Fengzhong Lu, Lin Yang, Fengling Fu & Wanchen Li

  2. Sanming University, Sanming, 365004, People’s Republic of China

    Lin Yang

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HQY, WQF, FAS and YYZ performed the experiment and drafted the manuscript; JTQ analyzed data; BLL, FZL and LY participated in the experiments; HQ Yu provided technical support; FLF and WCL provided ideas, designed the research, and edited the manuscript; all authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Fengling Fu or Wanchen Li.

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Yu, H., Feng, W., Sun, F. et al. Cloning and characterization of BES1/BZR1 transcription factor genes in maize. Plant Growth Regul 86, 235–249 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10725-018-0424-2

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