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Characterization of a segregating potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) population for frost tolerance by leaf morpho-anatomy analysis and horticultural traits in India

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Abstract

In India, about 80% of the potato crop is grown during winter season and thus it often gets exposed to low temperatures which adversely affect its growth and lead to heavy reductions in tuber yield (approximately 40–60%). Overall aim of this study was to generate frost tolerant potato clones through intervarietal hybridization. In the summer 2018, the segregating progenies were developed through hybridization between J-2/19 (frost tolerant) and MS/7-645 (high yielding). In F1C1 generation, the characterization of 168 potato clones was carried out on the basis of leaf morpho-anatomical (LMA) traits viz., stomatal and trichome density on adaxial and abaxial leaf surfaces, stomatal index and palisade thickness. Seventy-six clones possessing LMA traits associated with frost tolerance were exposed to low temperature and their tolerance behaviour was further confirmed through electrolyte leakage in F1C2 generation. The potato clones exhibited a large and significant variability for both the leaf morpho-anatomical traits and electrolyte leakage. The hierarchical clustering analysis distributed the 168 potato clones into 13 cluster groups based on their proximate composition in twelve LMA traits. Moreover, the electrolyte leakage exhibited a negative correlation with stomatal index (−0.43) and stomatal density on adaxial leaf surface (−0.36). Overall, 11 potential clones exhibiting frost tolerant characteristics with desirable horticultural traits were identified and these were recommended for further evaluation. Thus, LMA traits, particularly stomatal index can potentially be used for preliminary screening of potato genetic resources for frost tolerance in breeding programmes specifically during the non-frost years.

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Acknowledgements

Authors are grateful to the Director, CPRI, Shimla for providing the potato clones used in this study. The authors are also thankful to S.K. Sandhu, Department of Climate Change and Agricultural Metrology, PAU, Ludhiana for providing weather data.

Funding

This study was funded by Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Vegetable Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141004, India

    Dechen Angmo & Sat Pal Sharma

  2. Electron Microscopy and Nanoscience Laboratory, Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India

    Anu Kalia

  3. PAU-Vegetable Research Farm, Khanaura, Hoshiarpur, 146001, India

    Navjot Singh Brar

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  1. Dechen Angmo
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  2. Sat Pal Sharma
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Contributions

Conceptualization: SPS and DA; methodology: SPS, DA, and AK; software: SPS, and DA; validation: SPS, DA, and AK; formal analysis: DA and SPS; investigation: DA SPS, and NSB; resources: SPS and NSB; data curation: SPS, and DA; writing-original draft preparation: DA and SPS; writing-review and editing: SPS, DA and AK; visualization: SPS, and AK; supervision: SPS; funding acquisition: SPS All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Dechen Angmo.

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Table S1

. The minimum temperature for the December and January months of the three-year cropping seasons 2016–17, 2019–20, 2020–21, Ludhiana, Punjab, India. Table S2. Descriptive statistics of leaf morpho-anatomical traits of 168 clones in F1C1 generation. Table S3. List of potential potato clones selected based on various traits associated with frost tolerance and horticultural performance. Table S4. Descriptive statistics of electrolyte leakage, growth, and yield attributing traits of potato clones evaluated in F1C2 generation. Table S5. Correlation coefficient describing the association of growth and yield attributing traits of the evaluated potato clones. Table S6. Quantification of cell membrane injury of the 76 evaluated clones and parents through electrolyte leakage in the cropping season 2020–21 Ludhiana, Punjab, India. Fig. S1 Cell plot analysis of 168 potato clones for various morpho-anatomical traits.Supplementary file1 (DOCX 671 kb)

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Angmo, D., Sharma, S.P., Kalia, A. et al. Characterization of a segregating potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) population for frost tolerance by leaf morpho-anatomy analysis and horticultural traits in India. Genet Resour Crop Evol (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-023-01839-7

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