Abstract
To reveal the genetic diversity and population structure of upland cotton germplasms distributed in China, molecular marker research was carried out on 191 upland cotton germplasm resources by using 26 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to analyse polymorphism and population structure. A total of 92 clearly identifiable bands were amplified from 65 SSR markers, with an average of 3.54 per marker. The mean number of observed alleles (Na) was 1.984, the effective allele number (Ne) was 1.534, the gene diversity index (h) was 0.312, the Shannon–Weaver index (I) was 0.470, and the polymorphism information content (PIC) of the primers was 0.530. Cluster analysis divided the germplasm into 11 groups at a genetic distance of 0.52, and group 1 was divided into 6 subgroups at a genetic distance of 0.39. The germplasms from different regions were interspersed among the various groups, indicating that the germplasm resources within cotton regions were also quite different. All materials were divided into three populations by structure analysis, and there was gene exchange between the three groups, thereby indicating that the resource utilization scope was relatively narrow and that the genetic basis of cultivars was relatively low in breeding units for a long time. The above results showed that the DNA clustering of upland cotton germplasm was not related to its geographical origin but to its genetic relationships, thus indicating the genetic diversity and complexity of cotton germplasm. The results lay a foundation and provide a reference for directional breeding in cotton.
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The data of table S1 and S2 mentioned during this study are included as Supplementary data file.
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Funding
This research was funded by Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund (1610162023022); Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Science & Technology NOVA Program (2020CB029); Ministry of Finance and Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs: National Modern Agricultural Industrial Technology System; Program for Key Areas of Science and Technology of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Third Division and Tumsuk City (KY2021GG08); Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences.
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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation was performed by Jianbin Shi, Xiaohong Liu and Gentu Yan. Data collection and analysis were performed by Feichao Huo, Yibin Zhang, Ning Wang and Qinghua Xu. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Jianbin Shi and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the manuscript.
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Shi, J., Zhang, Y., Wang, N. et al. Genetic diversity and population structure analysis of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) germplasm in China based on SSR markers. Genet Resour Crop Evol 70, 2671–2682 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-023-01594-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-023-01594-9