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Effects of fish oil replacement by vegetable oil blend on digestive enzymes and tissue histomorphology of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) juveniles

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Abstract

The impact of replacing circa 70 % fish oil (FO) by a vegetable oil (VO) blend (rapeseed, linseed, palm oils; 20:50:30) in diets for European sea bass juveniles (IBW 96 ± 0.8 g) was evaluated in terms of activities of digestive enzymes (amylase, lipase, alkaline phosphatase, trypsin and total alkaline proteases) in the anterior (AI) and posterior (PI) intestine and tissue morphology (pyloric caeca—PC, AI, PI, distal intestine—DI and liver). For that purpose, fish were fed the experimental diets for 36 days and then liver and intestine were sampled at 2, 6 and 24 h after the last meal. Alkaline protease characterization was also done in AI and PI at 6 h post-feeding. Dietary VO promoted higher alkaline phosphatase activity at 2 h post-feeding in the AI and at all sampling points in the PI. Total alkaline protease activity was higher at 6 h post-feeding in the PI of fish fed the FO diet. Identical number of bands was observed in zymograms of alkaline proteases of fish fed both diets. No alterations in the histomorphology of PC, AI, PI or DI were noticed in fish fed the VO diets, while in the liver a tendency towards increased hepatocyte vacuolization due to lipid accumulation was observed. Overall, and with the exception of a higher intestine alkaline phosphatase activity, 70 % FO replacement by a VO blend in diets for European sea bass resulted in no distinctive alterations on the postprandial pattern of digestive enzyme activities and intestine histomorphology.

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Acknowledgments

This work was partially supported by the FCT (Foundation for Science and Technology), Portugal (Project PTDC/MAR-BIO/4107/2012) and co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through the COMPETE—Operational Competitiveness Programme and national funds through FCT—under the project “PEst-C/MAR/LA0015/2011”. CC was supported by a Grant (SFRH/BD/76297/2011), AC (SFRH/BD/47495/2008) and APJ (SFRH/BPD/64684/2009) from FCT, Portugal. PDR and CRS were supported by Grants (NORTE-07-0124-FEDER-000038-BPD-2013-07; NORTE-07-0124-FEDER-000038-BPD-2013-05, respectively). We express our thanks to Laurence Larroquet for her kind help in the fatty acid analyses of diets and to P. Correia for technical assistance.

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  1. CIMAR/CIIMAR- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123, Porto, Portugal

    Carolina Castro, Ana Couto, Amalia Pérez-Jiménez, Cláudia R. Serra, Patricia Díaz-Rosales & Aires Oliva-Teles

  2. Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, Edifício FC4, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal

    Carolina Castro, Ana Couto & Aires Oliva-Teles

  3. IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal

    Rui Fernandes

  4. INRA, UR1067 Nutrition Metabolism Aquaculture, 64310, Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France

    Geneviève Corraze & Stéphane Panserat

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  1. Carolina Castro
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  2. Ana Couto
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  3. Amalia Pérez-Jiménez
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Castro, C., Couto, A., Pérez-Jiménez, A. et al. Effects of fish oil replacement by vegetable oil blend on digestive enzymes and tissue histomorphology of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) juveniles. Fish Physiol Biochem 42, 203–217 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-015-0130-1

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