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Characterization of the yield components and selection of materials for breeding programs of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)

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Abstract

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is an ancestral species from the Andean region, which is considered as a staple food for its populations. In Colombia, the crop has been gaining economic importance despite little information related to the varietal purity of cultivated materials. The department of Boyacá has a diversity of quinoas with potential for use, which can be an alternative for more productive crops. Thus, the objective of this research was to evaluate the yield and phenological aspects of 30 quinoa genetic materials in Boyacá and establish a selection index to differentiate them according to their yield. It was determined that the phenological cycle of the 30 genetic materials ranged between 144 and 189 days, the estimation of the yield components showed that the variables that contributed the most to the observed phenotypic variation were the panicle length, yield, seed diameter, and weight of 1000 seeds. Through the selection index, it was determined that the materials Quinua Primavera, Amarilla de Maranganí and Quinua Peruana, have the potential to increase productivity, since they present high yield, semi-late phenological cycle, large grain size and weight of 1000 seeds between 0.3 and 0.4 g. This research showed that phenotypic variables can be useful for the design of selection tools, oriented to the characteristics of agronomic importance and determined their usefulness to increase the efficiency of quinoa improvement programs.

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Acknowledgments

To the “Patrimonio Autónomo Fondo Nacional de Financiamiento para la Ciencia, la Tecnología y la Innovación Francisco José de Caldas- MinCiencias. Cód. 63924”, to the CIDE group “Competitividad, Innovación y Desarrollo Empresarial” the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences of the UPTC, to the Bioplasma group of the Faculty of Sciences of the UPTC and to the International Language Institute of the UPTC.

Funding

To the “Patrimonio Autónomo Fondo Nacional de Financiamiento para la Ciencia, la Tecnología y la Innovación Francisco José de Caldas- MinCiencias. Cód. 63924”.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Grupo CIDE Competitividad Innovación y Desarrollo Empresarial, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja, Colombia

    Elsa Helena Manjarres-Hernández & Ana Cruz Morillo-Coronado

  2. Grupo de Investigación BIOPLASMA, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja, Colombia

    Zaida Zarely Ojeda-Pérez & Diana Marcela Arias-Moreno

  3. Grupo de Química - Física Molecular y Modelamiento Computacional QUIMOL, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja, Colombia

    Agobardo Cárdenas-Chaparro

Authors
  1. Elsa Helena Manjarres-Hernández
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  2. Ana Cruz Morillo-Coronado
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  3. Zaida Zarely Ojeda-Pérez
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  4. Agobardo Cárdenas-Chaparro
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  5. Diana Marcela Arias-Moreno
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Contributions

All authors EHMH, ACMC, ZZOP, ACC and DMAM conceived and designed research. EHMH and ACMC contributed reagents, materials, and analysis tools. EHMH and DMAM conducted and analyzed the experiments and data. EHMH, ACMC, ZZOP, ACC and DMAM contributed to data interpretation and manuscript preparation. All authors read and approved the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Diana Marcela Arias-Moreno.

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Manjarres-Hernández, E.H., Morillo-Coronado, A.C., Ojeda-Pérez, Z.Z. et al. Characterization of the yield components and selection of materials for breeding programs of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.). Euphytica 217, 101 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-021-02837-5

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