Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Utilizing Successive Linearization Optimization to Control the Saltwater Intrusion Phenomenon in Unconfined Coastal Aquifers in Crete, Greece

  • Published:
Environmental Modeling & Assessment Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In the present work, a simulation-optimization method is employed in order to manage saltwater intrusion in two unconfined coastal aquifers in Crete, Greece. The optimization formulation seeks to maximize groundwater withdrawal rates while maintaining the saltwater intrusion front at the current location or inhibiting it at locations closer to the coast. A combination of a groundwater flow model (MODFLOW) with the Ghyben-Herzberg saltwater front approximation and a sequential implementation of the Simplex algorithm (GWM) are employed. The results show that under the current pumping strategies, the saltwater intrusion front will continue to move inland, posing a serious threat to the groundwater quality of these regions. Optimal groundwater withdrawal scenarios that take into consideration the water needs of the local communities and environmental concerns are presented and discussed. In both case studies, significant reductions in pumping are required in order for the saltwater intrusion front to retract closer to the shoreline.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Werner, A. D., Bakker, M., Post, V. E. A., Vandenbohede, A., Lu, C., Ataie-Ashtiani, B., Simmons, C. T., & Barry, A. (2013). Seawater intrusion processes, investigation, and management: recent advances and future challenges. Advances in Water Resources, 51, 3–26.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Karatzas, G. P., & Dokou, Z. (2015). Optimal management of saltwater intrusion in the coastal aquifer of Malia, Crete (Greece). Hydrogeology Journal, 23(6), 1181–1194.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Pinder, G. F., & Cooper, H. H. (1970). A numerical technique for calculating transient position of saltwater front. Water Resources Research, 6(3), 875–882.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Milnes, E., & Renard, P. (2004). The problem of salt recycling and seawater intrusion in coastal irrigated plains: an example from the Kiti aquifer (southern Cyprus). Journal of Hydrology, 288(3–4), 327–343.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Giambastiani, B. M. S., Antonellini, M., Essink, G. H. P. O., & Stuurman, R. J. (2007). Saltwater intrusion in the unconfined coastal aquifer of Ravenna (Italy): a numerical model. Journal of Hydrology, 340(1–2), 91–104.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Kopsiaftis, G., Mantoglou, A., & Giannoulopoulos, P. (2009). Variable density coastal aquifer models with application to an aquifer on Thira Island. Desalination, 237(1–3), 65–80.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Kourakos, G., & Mantoglou, A. (2009). Pumping optimization of coastal aquifers based on evolutionary algorithms and surrogate modular neural network models. Advances in Water Resources, 32(4), 507–521.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Dokou, Z., & Karatzas, G. P. (2012). Saltwater intrusion estimation in a karstified coastal system using density-dependent modelling and comparison with the sharp-interface approach. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 57(5), 985–999.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Reilly, T. E., & Goodman, A. S. (1985). Quantitative-analysis of saltwater fresh-water relationships in groundwater systems-a historical-perspective. Journal of Hydrology, 80(1–2), 125–160.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Mantoglou, A., Papantoniou, M., & Giannoulopoulos, P. (2004). Management of coastal aquifers based on nonlinear optimization and evolutionary algorithms. Journal of Hydrology, 297(1–4), 209–228.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Mantoglou, A. (2003). Pumping management of coastal aquifers using analytical models of saltwater intrusion. Water Resources Research. doi:10.1029/2002WR001891.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Guvanasen, V., Wade, S. C., & Barcelo, M. D. (2000). Simulation of regional ground water flow and salt water intrusion in Hernando County, Florida. Ground Water, 38(5), 772–783.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Ababou, R., & Al-Bitar, A. (2004). Salt water intrusion with heterogeneity and uncertainty: mathematical modelling and analyses. Developments in Water Science, 55, 1559–1571.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Karterakis, S. M., Karatzas, G. P., Nikolos, I. K., & Papadopoulou, M. P. (2007). Application of linear programming and differential evolutionary optimization methodologies for the solution of coastal subsurface water management problems subject to environmental criteria. Journal of Hydrology, 342(3–4), 270–282.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Koukadaki, M. A., Karatzas, G. P., Papadopoulou, M. P., & Vafidis, A. (2007). Identification of the saline zone in a coastal aquifer using electrical tomography data and simulation. Water Resources Management, 21(11), 1881–1898.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Papadopoulou, M. P., Varouchakis, E. A., & Karatzas, G. P. (2010). Terrain discontinuity effects in the regional flow of a complex karstified aquifer. Environmental Modeling and Assessment, 15(5), 319–328.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Shamir, U., Bear, J., & Gamliel, A. (1984). Optimal annual operation of a coastal aquifer. Water Resources Research, 20, 435–444.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Uddameri, V., & Kuchanur, Z. M. (2007). Simulation-optimization approach to assess groundwater availability in Refugio County, TX. Environment Geology, 51, 921–929.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Gorelick, S. M., Voss, C. I., Gill, P. E., Murray, W., Saunders, M. A., & Wright, M. H. (1984). Aquifer reclamation design: the use of contaminant transport simulation combined with non-linear programming. Water Resources Research, 20(4), 415–427.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Willis, R., & Finney, B. A. (1988). Planning model for optimal control of saltwater intrusion. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 114(2), 163–178.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Finney, B. A., Samsuhadi, & Willis, R. (1992). Quasi-three-dimensional optimization model of Jakarta Basin. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 118(1), 18–31.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Gharbi, A., & Peralta, R. C. (1994). Integrated embedding optimization applied to salt Lake valley aquifers. Water Resources Research, 30(3), 817–832.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Reinelt, P. (2005). Seawater intrusion policy analysis with a numerical spatially heterogeneous dynamic optimization model. Water Resources Research, 41(W05006).

  24. Cheng, A. H.-D., Halhal, D., Naji, A., & Ouazar, D. (2000). Pumping optimization in saltwater-intruded coastal aquifers. Water Resources Research, 36(8), 2155–2165.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Cai, X., McKinney, D. C., & Lasdon, L. S. (2001). Solving non-linear water management models using a combined genetic algorithm and linear programming approach. Advances in Water Resources, 24, 667–676.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Dhar, A., & Datta, B. (2009). Saltwater intrusion management of coastal aquifers. I: linked simulation-optimization. Journal of Hydrologic Engineering, 14(12), 1263–1272.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Mantoglou, A., & Papantoniou, M. (2008). Optimal design of pumping networks in coastal aquifers using sharp interface models. Journal of Hydrology, 361, 52–63.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Kourakos, G., & Mantoglou, A. (2011). Simulation and multi-objective management of coastal aquifers in semi-arid regions. Water Resources Management, 25, 1063–1074.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Papadopoulou, M. P., Varouchakis, E. A., & Karatzas, G. P. (2009). Simulation of complex aquifer behavior using numerical and geostatistical methodologies. Desalination, 237, 42–53.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Varouchakis, E. A., Karatzas, G. P., & Giannopoulos, G. P. (2014). Impact of irrigation scenarios and precipitation projections on the groundwater resources of Viannos basin in the island of Crete. Greece. Environmental Earth Sciences. doi:10.1007/s12665-014-3913-2.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Llopis-Albert, C., & Pulido-Velazquez, D. (2014). Discussion about the validity of sharp-interface models to deal with seawater intrusion in coastal aquifers. Hydrological Processes, 28(10), 3642–3654.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Ahlfeld, D.P., Barlow P.M., & Mulligan, A.E. (2005). GWM—a groundwater-management process for the U.S. Geological Survey modular ground-water model (MODFLOW-2000). USA: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005–1072.

  33. Paritsis, S.N. (2005). Simulation of seawater intrusion into the Tymbaki aquifer, South Central Crete, Greece. Heraklion, Crete, Greece: Department of Management of Water Resources of the Region of Crete.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Technical University of Crete, School of Environmental Engineering, Polytexneioupolis, 73100, Chania, Greece

    Zoi Dokou, Maria Dettoraki, George P. Karatzas, Emmanouil A. Varouchakis & Athina Pappa

Authors
  1. Zoi Dokou
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Maria Dettoraki
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. George P. Karatzas
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Emmanouil A. Varouchakis
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Athina Pappa
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Zoi Dokou.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Dokou, Z., Dettoraki, M., Karatzas, G.P. et al. Utilizing Successive Linearization Optimization to Control the Saltwater Intrusion Phenomenon in Unconfined Coastal Aquifers in Crete, Greece. Environ Model Assess 22, 115–128 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10666-016-9529-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10666-016-9529-z

Keywords

Search

Navigation