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Thiamethoxam degradation by Pseudomonas and Bacillus strains isolated from agricultural soils

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Abstract

Twelve bacterial species were evaluated to know the degradation pattern of thiamethoxam in liquid medium. All the bacterial species could actively degrade phorate in a mineral salt medium containing phorate (50 μg ml–1) as sole carbon source. As these species have ability to degrade, we used these for the degradation of thiamethoxam—a neonicoitinoids. Screening of 12 active phorate-metabolizing bacterial species resulted in selection of Bacillus aeromonas strain IMBL 4.1 and Pseudomonas putida strain IMBL 5.2 causing 45.28 and 38.23 % thiamethoxam (50 μg ml−1) reduction, respectively, in 15 days as potential thiamethoxam degrading species. These two bacterial species grew optimally at 37 °C under shake culture conditions in MSMT medium raised with initial pH of 6.0–6.5 and use of these optimum cultural conditions resulted in improved thiamethoxam degradation by these bacterial species. These species caused maximum thiamethoxam degradation only in the presence of thiamethoxam as sole source of carbon and energy and the same was reduced in the presence of easily metabolize able carbon (C0 and C1) and nitrogen ((N0, N1 and N2) sources. This could be attributed to involvement of repressible metabolic pathways, reactions of which are inhibited by the presence of easily available nutrients for growth. Besides above, qualitative analysis of thiamethoxam residues by gas liquid chromatography revealed complete metabolization of thiamethoxam without detectable accumulation of any known thiamethoxam metabolites.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the Insect Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Entomology and Pesticide Residue Analysis Laboratory, Department of Entomology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141004, Punjab, India, for providing the necessary facilities.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India

    Shivnam Rana & Gurpreet Kaur

  2. Insect Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Entomology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India

    Vikas Jindal & V. K. Gupta

  3. Pesticide Residue Analysis Laboratory, Department of Entomology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India

    Kousik Mandal

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  1. Shivnam Rana
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  2. Vikas Jindal
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  3. Kousik Mandal
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  4. Gurpreet Kaur
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  5. V. K. Gupta
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Correspondence to Shivnam Rana.

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Rana, S., Jindal, V., Mandal, K. et al. Thiamethoxam degradation by Pseudomonas and Bacillus strains isolated from agricultural soils. Environ Monit Assess 187, 300 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-015-4532-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-015-4532-4

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