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Genetic variation among Fusarium verticillioides isolates associated with Ethiopian maize kernels as revealed by AFLP analysis

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Abstract

Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) was used to study the genetic variation among 80 F. verticillioides isolates from kernels of Ethiopian maize, collected from 20 different maize growing areas in four geographic regions. A total of 213 polymorphic fragments were obtained using six EcoRI/MseI primer combinations. Analysis of the data based on all 213 polymorphic AFLP fragments revealed high level of genetic variation in the F. verticillioides entities in Ethiopia. About 58% of the fragments generated were polymorphic. The genetic similarity among F. verticillioides isolates varied from 46% to 94% with a mean Dice similarity of 73%. Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Average (UPGMA) analysis revealed two main groups and four subgroups. The principal coordinate analysis (PCO) also displayed two main groups that agreed with the results of UPGMA analysis, and there was no clear pattern of clustering of isolates according to geographic origin. Analysis of molecular variance: (AMOVA) showed that only 1.5% of the total genetic variation was between geographic regions, while 98.5% was among isolates from the same geographic regions of Ethiopia. Eighty distinct haplotypes were recognized among the 80 isolates analyzed. Hence, breeding efforts should concentrate on quantitative resistance that is effective against all genotypes of the pathogen.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, NO-1432, Ås, Norway

    Hadush Tsehaye, Anne Marte Tronsmo, Leif Sundheim & May Bente Brurberg

  2. Department of Dryland Crop and Horticultural Sciences, Mekelle University, P.O. Box 231, Mekelle, Ethiopia

    Hadush Tsehaye & Dereje Assefa

  3. Biotechnology and Plant Health Division, Norwegian Institute for Bioeconomy Research, P.O. Box 115, NO-1431, Ås, Norway

    Abdelhameed Elameen, Leif Sundheim & May Bente Brurberg

  4. Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, NO-1432, Ås, Norway

    Arne Tronsmo

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  1. Hadush Tsehaye
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  2. Abdelhameed Elameen
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  3. Anne Marte Tronsmo
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Correspondence to Hadush Tsehaye.

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2 Dendrogram of 80 Fusarium verticillioides isolates obtained from kernels of maize produced in different geographic regions of Ethiopia and a reference isolate (MRC826) from South Africa, generated by UPGMA cluster analysis using 213 AFLP markers. The scale from 0.59 to 0.94 indicates genetic similarity calculated using Dice similarity coefficient in NTSYS (Rohlf 2005). The two main clusters are remarked as A and B (PDF 197 kb)

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Tsehaye, H., Elameen, A., Tronsmo, A.M. et al. Genetic variation among Fusarium verticillioides isolates associated with Ethiopian maize kernels as revealed by AFLP analysis. Eur J Plant Pathol 146, 807–816 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-016-0958-y

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