Abstract
Stress due to drought lowers crop yield and frequently leads to a rise in food scarcity. Plants' intricate metabolic systems enable them to tolerate drought stress, but they are unable to handle it well. Adding some external, environmentally friendly supplements can boost plant growth and productivity when it comes to drought-stressed plants. In order to prevent the detrimental effects of drought in agricultural regions, environmentally friendly practices must be upheld. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) can exhibit beneficial phytostimulation, mineralization, and biocontrol activities under drought stress. The significant impact of the PGPR previously reported has not been accepted as an effective treatment to lessen drought stress. Recent studies have successfully shown that manipulating microbes can be a better option to reduce the severity of drought in plants. In this review, we demonstrate how modifying agents such as biochar, PGPR consortia, PGPR, and mycorrhizal fungi can help overcome drought stress responses in crop plants. This article also discusses CRISPR/Cas9-modifiable genes, increase plant’s effectiveness in drought conditions, and increase plant resistance to drought stress. With an eco-friendly approach in mind, there is a need for practical management techniques having potential prospects based on an integrated strategy mediated by CRISPR-Cas9 editing, PGPR, which may alleviate the effects of drought stress in crops and aid in achieving the United Nation Sustainable Development Goals (UN-SDGs-2030).
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Acknowledgements
The authors affirm that they have no known financial conflicts of interest or close personal ties that could have affected the work reported in this study. The Department of Environmental Science, V.B.S. Purvanchal University, Jaunpur, India, supports this review work. VDR, TM and MHW acknowledge the support by the laboratory «Soil Health» of the Southern Federal University with the financial support of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, agreement no. 075-15-2022-1122.
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Dr. SKU conceptualized and visualized the current manuscript; Dr. SKU and Dr. PKC wrote the first version and constructed the figures and tables; Prof. PD, Dr. VDR, Prof. TM restructured and edited the manuscript. Prof. MHW provided further comments and improved the final version before submission.
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Chauhan, P.K., Upadhyay, S.K., Rajput, V.D. et al. Fostering plant growth performance under drought stress using rhizospheric microbes, their gene editing, and biochar. Environ Geochem Health 46, 41 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-023-01823-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-023-01823-1