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Microbes involved in arsenic mobilization and respiration: a review on isolation, identification, isolates and implications

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Abstract

Microorganisms play an important role in arsenic (As) cycling in the environment. Microbes mobilize As directly or indirectly, and natural/geochemical processes such as sulphate and iron reduction, oxidative sulphide mineral dissolution, arsenite (AsO33−) oxidation and arsenate (AsO43−) respiration further aid in As cycle in the environment. Arsenate serves as an electron donor for the microbes during anaerobic conditions in the sediment. The present work reviews the recent development in As contamination, various As-metabolizing microbes and their phylogenetic diversity, to understand the role of microbial communities in As respiration and mobilization. It also summarizes the contemporary understanding of the intricate biochemistry and molecular biology of natural As metabolisms. Some successful examples of engineered microbes by harnessing these natural mechanisms for effective remediation are also discussed. The study indicates that there is an exigent need to have a clear understanding of environmental aspects of As mobilization and subsequent oxidation–reduction by a suitable microbial consortium.

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Acknowledgements

The project was supported by GSBTM Research Support Scheme. Subhash Kumar Sharma stayed and worked on this manuscript under IIT Gandhinagar Summer Research Internship Program.

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  1. Centre for the Environment, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India

    Payal Mazumder

  2. Environmental Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India

    Subhash Kumar Sharma

  3. Discipline of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India

    Kaling Taki

  4. Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India

    Ajay S. Kalamdhad

  5. Discipline of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India

    Manish Kumar

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Mazumder, P., Sharma, S.K., Taki, K. et al. Microbes involved in arsenic mobilization and respiration: a review on isolation, identification, isolates and implications. Environ Geochem Health 42, 3443–3469 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-020-00549-8

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