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Lethal and sublethal effects of metal-polluted sediments on Chironomus sancticaroli Strixino and Strixino, 1981

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Abstract

The Cantareira Complex is one of the most important water supplies of the metropolitan region of São Paulo, Brazil. Previously, it was demonstrated that the sediments in this complex were polluted with metals and that Paiva Castro Reservoir—the last reservoir in the sequence, which receives water from the five previous reservoirs—was the reservoir with the greatest concentration of pollutants. Based on field data, it was noticed that copper concentrations in sediments were related to morphological alterations in chironomids. The present study provides novel monitoring methods and results for the complex by isolating the environmental and biological sources of variation. An adaptation of the in situ assay proposed by Soares et al. (Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 49:163–172, 2005), which uses a native tropical Chironomus species and low-cost materials, is also provided. The aim of this study was to isolate the effects of sediments from Paiva Castro on controlled populations of C. sancticaroli larvae using an in situ assay. A seven-day experiment was performed in triplicate. Third instar larvae were inoculated in chambers containing sediments from two distinct regions of Paiva Castro reservoir and a control site with sand. Five biological responses were considered: mouthpart alterations, larval length, width of cephalic capsule, mortality and total damage. The results suggest the effects of sediment toxicity on larvae include a reduction in length and a higher occurrence of total damage.

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Acknowledgements

We are thankful to Susana Trivinho-Strixino (Ph.D.) for her dedication and collaboration in reading and suggesting improvements for this work. We also thank Daniel Gomes for offering his property and installations for use during field work. The authors thank the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, FAPESP (process numbers 2012/11890-4, 2012/16420-6, 2013/03494-4, 2013/08272-0 and 2014/22581-8) for its financial support.

Funding

This study was funded by the Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (grant numbers 2012/11890-4, 2012/16420-6, 2013/03494-4, 2013/08272-0 and 2014/22581-8).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais - Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia de Sorocaba, UNESP, Avenida Três de Março, 511 – Alto da Boa Vista, Rio de Janeiro, 18087-180, Brazil

    Frederico Guilherme de Souza Beghelli, André Henrique Rosa, Marcelo Pompêo & Viviane Moschini Carlos

  2. Departamento de Ecologia – Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 321, travessa 14 – Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil

    Julio César Lopez-Dovál & Marcelo Pompêo

  3. Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Carrer Emili Grahit 101, Girona, 17003, Spain

    Julio César Lopez-Dovál

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  1. Frederico Guilherme de Souza Beghelli
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  3. André Henrique Rosa
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  4. Marcelo Pompêo
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Correspondence to Frederico Guilherme de Souza Beghelli.

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de Souza Beghelli, F.G., Lopez-Dovál, J.C., Rosa, A.H. et al. Lethal and sublethal effects of metal-polluted sediments on Chironomus sancticaroli Strixino and Strixino, 1981. Ecotoxicology 27, 286–299 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-018-1894-8

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