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Sodium chloride and sodium dodecyl sulfate as additives to enhance dispersibility in microfibrillated cellulose

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Abstract

During drying, microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) can aggregate, lowering the tensile strength of MFC films and changing morphology. Therefore, the present study aims to evaluate additives as hydrogen bonding inhibitors on MFC to prevent aggregation. TEMPO-mediated oxidation followed by high-shear mixing was used to produce MFC. Never-dried (ND) MFC, only-dried MFC (DR), MFC with sodium chloride (D-Na) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (D-SD) were freeze-dried and analyzed. DR contained visible aggregates with lower stability in water (less than 85%) and produced the weakest films from all the samples. Even though D-Na had a particle size similar to D-SD, the tensile strength and strain at break of films were considerably lower. D-SD produced the most stable aqueous dispersion with smaller particles and porous structure. The presence of residual SDS increased tensile strength and stiffness of films by 28 and 48%, respectively compared to the ND films. The results show that D-SD was the most suitable additive to use with freeze-drying to preserve MFC physical properties while enhancing mechanical strength.

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Data availability

Data is available upon request.

Abbreviations

MFC:

Microfibrillated cellulose

SDS:

Sodium dodecyl sulfate

ND:

Never-dried MFC

DR:

Freeze-dried MFC without any additive

D-Na:

Freeze-dried MFC with sodium chloride

D-SD:

Freeze-dried MFC with SDS

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Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge the support of the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais—FAPEMIG, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico—CNPq, and the Bioproducts Research Unit (BRU—ARS) at the United States Department of Agriculture (Albany—CA).

Funding

This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior—Brasil (CAPES)—Finance Code 001.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Forest Science Department, Federal University of Lavras, P.O. Box 3037, Lavras, MG, 37200-000, Brazil

    Luiz Eduardo Silva & Gustavo Henrique Denzin Tonoli

  2. Integrated Manufacturing Systems Engineering Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA

    Riley Simson

  3. Bioproducts Research Unit, WRRC, ARS-USDA, Albany, CA, 94710, USA

    Lennard Torres, William Hart-Cooper, Trung Cao, Artur Klamczynski, Gregory Glenn, Tina Williams, Delilah Wood & William Orts

  4. Engineering Department, Federal University of Lavras, P.O. Box 3037, Lavras, MG, 37200-000, Brazil

    Alfredo Rodrigues de Sena Neto

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  1. Luiz Eduardo Silva
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Contributions

LS, GG, GT conceptualization, methodology, investigation, writing–original draft; RS, LT, WC, TC, AK, AN, TW, DW methodology, investigation, formal analysis, editing and reviewing; WO, GT supervision, writing– editing and reviewing.

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Correspondence to Luiz Eduardo Silva.

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Silva, L.E., Simson, R., Torres, L. et al. Sodium chloride and sodium dodecyl sulfate as additives to enhance dispersibility in microfibrillated cellulose. Cellulose 30, 10923–10934 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-023-05555-4

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