Abstract
Cellulose acetate (CA) is a polymeric material that finds application in various fields due to its non-toxic, renewable, and biodegradable nature. Electrospinning is widely used for producing CA nanofibers for many industrial applications like sensors, protective clothing, wound dressing, and filters. However, its performance during end-use application is directly influenced by fiber quality, pore size, and fiber diameter, depending on the material and electrospinning process parameters. Presently, efficient and qualitative production of nanofibers through single needle-based electrospinning is still challenging. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the interactive effects of the polymer concentration, positive voltage, and spinning distance parameters on CA’s spinnability, morphology, and fiber diameter in the industrially scalable needleless wire spinneret electrospinning technique using a response surface methodology and linear regression principle. Hence, several experiments were conducted to produce CA nanofibers according to the 3-factor-3-level Box–Behnken design of experiments within the pre-determined range of selected process parameters. SEM images and rheology of the polymer solutions revealed that CA concentration significantly affects the fibers’ spinning behavior, morphology, and diameter, whereas less impacted by the other two parameters. The predicted mean fiber diameter values, determined by the linear regression model, have shown ~ 95% correlation with the experimental data, suggesting a high level of fitting with its significance and reliability. The response surface and contour plots analyzed the materials and electrospinning parameters’ interactive effects to predict the direction of minimizing or maximizing the CA nanofiber’s diameter.
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Acknowledgments
We acknowledge the financial support of ‘The Bombay Textile Research Association,’ Mumbai, under various in-house research grants. We also thank Mr. Satya Shanmukh, ICT Mumbai, for his help in carrying out the rheological study of the CA polymer solutions.
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“The Bombay Textile Research Association,” Mumbai, India, funded this research study.
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“All the authors have contributed well to completing this study, starting from conception and design, experimental, data collection and analysis, and manuscript preparation. Amol G. Thite, and Deepali M. More performed material preparation, experimental, and data collection. Amol G. Thite, Ravindra D. Kale, and Prasanta K. Panda accomplished the data analysis and first draft of the manuscript. All authors commented and gave valuable suggestions on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript”.
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Thite, A.G., Kale, R.D., Panda, P.K. et al. Up-scaling of cellulose acetate electrospun nanofibers with a needleless wire spinneret technique. Cellulose 30, 4873–4888 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-023-05196-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-023-05196-7