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cDNA microarray assessment of early gene expression profiles in Escherichia coli cells exposed to a mixture of heavy metals

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Abstract

Many contaminated sites are characterized by the presence of different metals, thus increasing the complexity of toxic responses in exposed organisms. Within toxicogenomics, transcriptomics can be approached through the use of microarrays aimed at producing a genetic fingerprint for the response of model organisms to the presence of chemicals. We studied temporal changes in the early gene expression profiles of Escherichia coli cells exposed to three metal doses of a polymetallic solution over three exposure times, through the application of cDNA microarray technology. In the absence of metals, many genes belonging to a variety of cellular functions were up- and down-regulated over time. At the lowest metal dose, an activation of metal-specific transporters (Cus and ZraP proteins) and a mobilization of glutathione transporters involved in metal sequestration and trafficking was observed over time; this metal dose resulted in the generation of ROS capable of stimulating the transcription of Mn-superoxide dismutase, the assembly of Fe-S clusters and the synthesis of cysteine. At the intermediate dose, an overexpression of ROS scavengers (AhpF, KatG, and YaaA) and heat shock proteins (ClpP, HslV, DnaK, and IbpAB) was observed. Finally, at the highest dose, E. coli cells showed a repression of genes related with DNA mutation correctors (MutY glycopeptidases).

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Acknowledgments

This work has been financially supported by the following projects: 7/12/TK/2009/3 LURCHIP (Biscay County Council), BERRILUR3-Etortek (Basque Government), and MINECO AGL2012-39715-CO3-01/02. M.T. Gómez-Sagasti is the recipient of a predoctoral fellowship from the Department of Education, Universities and Research, Basque Government. Technical support by Javier Etxebarria and Amaia García from GAIKER is gratefully acknowledged.

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  1. NEIKER-Tecnalia, Department of Ecology and Natural Resources, Soil Microbial Ecology Group, c/Berreaga 1, E-48160, Derio, Spain

    María T. Gómez-Sagasti, Iker Martín, Lur Epelde & Carlos Garbisu

  2. Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, PO box 644, E-48080, Bilbao, Spain

    José M. Becerril

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  1. María T. Gómez-Sagasti
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Correspondence to Carlos Garbisu.

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Gómez-Sagasti, M.T., Becerril, J.M., Martín, I. et al. cDNA microarray assessment of early gene expression profiles in Escherichia coli cells exposed to a mixture of heavy metals. Cell Biol Toxicol 30, 207–232 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10565-014-9281-6

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