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Dissolved black carbon in throughfall and stemflow in a fire-managed longleaf pine woodland

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Abstract

The interception of rainfall by trees enriches rainwater with tree-derived dissolved organic matter (tree-DOM), which represents the first terrigenous source of DOM during storm events. The tree-DOM is then exported from the canopy via rainfall that drips from leaves and branches (throughfall) or is funneled down the tree trunk (stemflow) to the forest floor. Here, we evaluate contributions of dissolved black carbon (DBC) to tree-DOM in fire-managed longleaf pine woodlands (Pinus palustris). These are the first quantitative measurements of throughfall and stemflow DBC for any type of forest or tree species. The inter-storm variability of tree-DOM concentrations, composition, and optical properties in throughfall and stemflow were also examined. Tree-DOM was enriched in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and DBC compared to rainfall, and concentrations did not vary with storm size. Therefore, longleaf and slash pines contain a large repository of leachable organic matter that was not significantly diminished, even during large storm events. The aromaticity of stemflow DOM increased with amount of rainfall, suggesting bark may need to undergo a certain degree of saturation for the solubilization of DBC and other aromatic components. In tree-DOM, DBC comprised ~ 2% of DOC. A simple mass balance suggested annual yields of DBC in throughfall and stemflow (50–350 kg-DBC and 19 kg-DBC km−2 year−1, respectively). Therefore, atmospheric deposition would be enough to sustain a continual source of tree-derived DBC in longleaf pine ecosystems regularly maintained by fire.

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Acknowledgements

This work is supported by National Science Foundation Grants DEB #1824613 and EAR #1518726 and the Jones Center at Ichauway. M. Belovitch, D. Cross, M. Hederman, and R. Ritger are thanked for their hard work on sample prep, collection, and processing, and we especially appreciate E. Rea’s efforts on coordinating all of the above and ensuring prompt deliveries of samples. We thank J. Brandes at the University of Georgia, Skidaway Institute of Oceanography for the use of his HPLC instrument for analyses.

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  1. Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY, 12180, USA

    Sasha Wagner

  2. Jones Center at Ichauway, Newton, GA, USA

    Steven Brantley & Stribling Stuber

  3. Department of Geology and Geography, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA, USA

    John Van Stan & Ansley Whitetree

  4. Applied Coastal Research Laboratory, Georgia Southern University, Savannah, GA, USA

    John Van Stan

  5. Departments of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Civil and Environmental Engineering, and Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA

    Aron Stubbins

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  1. Sasha Wagner
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Wagner, S., Brantley, S., Stuber, S. et al. Dissolved black carbon in throughfall and stemflow in a fire-managed longleaf pine woodland. Biogeochemistry 146, 191–207 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-019-00620-2

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