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Modeling total particulate organic carbon (POC) flows in the Baltic Sea catchment

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Abstract

The largest input source of carbon to the Baltic Sea catchment is river discharge. A tool for modeling riverine particulate organic carbon (POC) loads on a catchment scale is currently lacking. The present study describes a novel dynamic model for simulating flows of POC in all major rivers draining the Baltic Sea catchment. The processes governing POC input and transport in rivers described in the model are soil erosion, in-stream primary production and litter input. The Baltic Sea drainage basin is divided into 82 sub-basins, each comprising several land classes (e.g. forest, cultivated land, urban areas) and parameterized using GIS data on soil characteristics and topography. Driving forces are temperature, precipitation, and total phosphorous concentrations. The model evaluation shows that the model can predict annual average POC concentrations within a factor of about 2, but generally fails to capture the timing of monthly peak loads. The total annual POC load to the Baltic Sea is estimated to be 0.34 Tg POC, which constitutes circa 7–10 % of the annual total organic carbon (TOC) load. The current lack of field measurements of POC in rivers hampers more accurate predictions of seasonality in POC loads to the Baltic Sea. This study, however, identifies important knowledge gaps and provides a starting point for further explorations of large scale POC mass flows.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Dr. Hans Estrup Andersen for providing soil erosivity data for the sediment yield calculations, Dr. Steve W. Lyon, Dr. Martyn Futter and Prof. Christoph Humborg for the valuable discussions about model development. We acknowledge the financial support through the Baltic Sea Adaptive Management (BEAM) project at Stockholm University and Formas, project HOCFlux #1503601.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden

    Kim Dahlgren Strååt, Carl-Magnus Mörth, Anna Sobek & Emma Undeman

  2. Department of Geological Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden

    Carl-Magnus Mörth

  3. Baltic Sea Centre, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden

    Erik Smedberg & Emma Undeman

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  1. Kim Dahlgren Strååt
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  2. Carl-Magnus Mörth
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Correspondence to Kim Dahlgren Strååt.

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Strååt, K.D., Mörth, CM., Sobek, A. et al. Modeling total particulate organic carbon (POC) flows in the Baltic Sea catchment. Biogeochemistry 128, 51–65 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-016-0194-8

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