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Growth and blood chemistry of juvenile Neotropical catfish (Lophiosilurus alexandri) self-feeding on diets that differ in protein-to-energy (P:E) ratio

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Abstract

This study evaluated the growth and blood biochemistry were examined in juvenile Lophiosilurus alexandri that were self-feeding on feeds with different protein-to-energy (P:E) ratios. Juveniles (21.10 ± 0.39 g) were stocked at a density of six fish/tank (40 L) photoperiod 12L:12D, equipped with an on-demand feeder connected to a photoelectric cell. The 50-day experiment evaluated isoenergetic diets (17.65 MJ/kg) with crude protein levels from 25 to 42% and P:E of 14.56, 17.43, 20.44, and 23.91 g protein/MJ, in four replications, in a completely randomized design. The 23.91 g protein/MJ diet had the lowest leftover food and daily intake, while the 14.56 g protein/MJ diet had the highest leftovers. Polynomial regression analysis showed that the P:E ratios affected weight, average daily consumption per fish, protein efficiency, and weight gain had their lowest estimated values at 17.80, 21.23, 19.24, and 17.77 g protein/MJ, respectively. Feed conversion ratio peaked at 15.48 g protein/MJ, while the viscerosomatic index and carcass lipid had the lowest values at 22.74 and 20.03 g protein/MJ, respectively. Glucose, cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were lower for animals fed a diet containing 24.17, 22.38, and 17.25 g protein/MJ, respectively. The total protein showed a increasing linear effect as the P:E ratio increased. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) had its highest value at 22.28 g protein/MJ. Thus, diets with an P:E ratio close to 23.91 g protein/MJ provide better adaptation of L. alexandri juveniles to the self-feeding system, along with better growth rates and blood biochemistry.

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Data availability

The data supporting this study’s findings are available from the author, Fabio Aremil Costa dos Santos, upon reasonable request.

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Funding

We thank the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico CNPq-Brazil, Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior—CAPES Brazil, and the Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa de Minas Gerais-FAPEMIG-Brazil for their financial support to and funding of the authors, including Ronald K. Luz and Paula A. P. Ribeiro (CNPq –Proc. 308547/2018–7 and 308684/2017–6, respectively).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Zootecnia, Escola de Veterinária, Laboratório de Aquacultura, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos, nº 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, CEP, 31270-901, Brazil

    Fabio Aremil Costa dos Santos, Helder de Oliveira Guilherme, Pedro Gomes Gamarano, Verônica Guimarães Landa Prado, Débora de Almeida Freitas, Luiz Felipe da Silveira Silva, Ronald Kennedy Luz & Paula Adriane Perez Ribeiro

  2. Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Campus Universitário, Av. Peter Henry Rolfs, S/N, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, CEP, 36570-900, Brazil

    Leandro Santos Costa

  3. Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, Avda. Teniente Flomesta, nº 5, CEP 30003, Murcia, Spain

    Jose Fernando López-Olmeda

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  1. Fabio Aremil Costa dos Santos
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Contributions

Fabio Aremil Costa dos Santos—(fabioaremil@gmail.com) conceptualization, methodology, validation, formal analysis, investigation, writing—original draft, writing—reviewing and editing, visualization. Leandro Santos Costa (leandro.s.costa@ufv.br) conceptualization, methodology, validation, formal analysis, investigation. Helder de Oliveira Guilherme—(helderog@gmail.com) conceptualization, methodology, validation, formal analysis, investigation. Pedro Gomes Gamarano—(pedrogomes130@hotmail.com) conceptualization, methodology, validation, formal analysis, investigation. Jose Fernando López-Olmeda—(jflopez@um.es) conceptualization, methodology, validation, formal analysis, investigation. Verônica Guimarães Landa Prado—(veronica.glp97@gmail.com) conceptualization, methodology, validation, formal analysis, investigation. Débora de Almeida Freitas (deboralmeidaf@gmail.com) conceptualization, methodology, validation, formal analysis, investigation. Luiz Felipe da Silveira Silva (luizssilva2209@gmail.com) conceptualization, methodology, validation, formal analysis, investigation. Ronald Kennedy Luz—(luzrk@yahoo.com) conceptualization, methodology, validation, formal analysis, investigation. funding acquisition. Paula Adriane Perez Ribeiro—(paulaperezribeiro@hotmail.com) conceptualization, methodology, validation, formal analysis, investigation, resources, data curation, Investigation, Writing—original draft, writing—reviewing and editing, visualization, supervision, project administration, funding acquisition.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Fabio Aremil Costa dos Santos.

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The authors followed all applicable international, national, and/or institutional guidelines for animal welfare. The procedures of this work abide by the protocols approved by the Animal Use Ethics Committee (Comissão de Ética no Uso de Animais CEUA-UMG) (nº 208/2018).

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Santos, F.A.C., Costa, L.S., Guilherme, H.d. et al. Growth and blood chemistry of juvenile Neotropical catfish (Lophiosilurus alexandri) self-feeding on diets that differ in protein-to-energy (P:E) ratio. Aquacult Int 31, 1011–1029 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-022-01013-3

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