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Mechanisms of cancer cell death induction by paclitaxel: an updated review

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Abstract

Chemoresistance of cancer cells is a major problem in treating cancer. Knowledge of how cancer cells may die or resist cancer drugs is critical to providing certain strategies to overcome tumour resistance to treatment. Paclitaxel is known as a chemotherapy drug that can suppress the proliferation of cancer cells by inducing cell cycle arrest and induction of mitotic catastrophe. However, today, it is well known that paclitaxel can induce multiple kinds of cell death in cancers. Besides the induction of mitotic catastrophe that occurs during mitosis, paclitaxel has been shown to induce the expression of several pro-apoptosis mediators. It also can modulate the activity of anti-apoptosis mediators. However, certain cell-killing mechanisms such as senescence and autophagy can increase resistance to paclitaxel. This review focuses on the mechanisms of cell death, including apoptosis, mitotic catastrophe, senescence, autophagic cell death, pyroptosis, etc., following paclitaxel treatment. In addition, mechanisms of resistance to cell death due to exposure to paclitaxel and the use of combinations to overcome drug resistance will be discussed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Basic Medicine, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, 422000, Hunan, China

    Shuang Zhao

  2. College of Medical Technology, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, 422000, Hunan, China

    Yufei Tang

  3. School of Nursing, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, 422000, Hunan, China

    Ruohan Wang

  4. Medical Technology Research Center, Institute of Health Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

    Masoud Najafi

  5. Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

    Masoud Najafi

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  1. Shuang Zhao
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Zhao, S., Tang, Y., Wang, R. et al. Mechanisms of cancer cell death induction by paclitaxel: an updated review. Apoptosis 27, 647–667 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10495-022-01750-z

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