Abstract
The development of polymer-based composites with self-healing and recyclable capability has attracted the attention of several researchers for resource recycling and environment protection. In this work, Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) reinforced polyurethane materials (PU) with self-healing and recyclable ability were constructed by in situ polymerization method. The mechanical, thermal amd morphological properties of PU and related composites were studied. The morphology of samples fracture surface ensured the homogeneous dispersion of HNTs in the polymer matrix. Moreover, thermal stability was improved with the incorporation of the HNTs. The tensile test showed strength increased with HNTs content increased. The tensile strength of composites increases from 23.38 to 34.92 MPa at 2 wt% HNTs. Therefore, the designed strategy provides a simple approach for preparing high mechanical properties, reprocessing and self-healing ability polyurethane composites.
Similar content being viewed by others
Data Availability
All data generated or analysed during this study are included in this published article.
References
Oladele, I. O., Omotosho, T. F., Adediran, A. A.: Polymer-based composites: an indispensable material for present and future applications. Int J Polym Sci. (2020)
Wang, M., Pan, J., Wang, M., Sun, T., Ju, J., Tang, Y., Zhu, J.: High-Performance Triboelectric Nanogenerators Based on a Mechanoradical Mechanism. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. 8(9), 3865–3871 (2020)
Xu, Z., Liang, Y., Ma, X., Chen, S., Yu, C., Wang, Y., Miao, M.: Recyclable thermoset hyperbranched polymers containing reversible hexahydro-s-triazine. Nat. Sustain. 3(1), 29–34 (2020)
Ocando, C., Ecochard, Y., Decostanzi, M., Caillol, S., Avérous, L.: Dynamic network based on eugenol-derived epoxy as promising sustainable thermoset materials. Eur. Polym. J. 135: 109860 (2020)
Lin, C.H., Ge, H., Wang, T.L., Huang, M., Ying, P.Y., Zhang, P., Levchenko, V.: A self-healing and recyclable polyurethane/halloysite nanocomposite based on thermoreversible Diels-Alder reaction. Polymer 206: 122894 (2020)
Khan, Z. I., Mohamad, Z. B., Rahmat, A. R. B., Habib, U., Abdullah, N. A. S. B.: A novel recycled polyethylene terephthalate/polyamide 11 (rPET/PA11) thermoplastic blend. Prog Rubber Plast Re. 14777606211001074 (2021)
Liu, Y., Zheng, J., Zhang, X., Du, Y., Yu, G., Li, K., Zhang, Y.: Bioinspired modified graphene oxide/polyurethane composites with rapid self-healing performance and excellent mechanical properties. RSC Adv. 11(24), 14665–14677 (2021)
Willocq, B., Odent, J., Dubois, P., Raquez, J.M.: Advances in intrinsic self-healing polyurethanes and related composites. RSC Adv. 10(23), 13766–13782 (2020)
Xu, S., Zhao, B., Adeel, M., Mei, H., Li, L., Zheng, S.: Shape memory and self-healing properties of polymer-grafted Fe3O4 nanocomposites implemented with supramolecular quadruple hydrogen bonds. Polymer 172, 404–414 (2019)
Wang, Y., Jiang, D., Zhang, L., Li, B., Sun, C., Yan, H., Guo, Z.: Hydrogen bonding derived self-healing polymer composites reinforced with amidation carbon fibers. Nanotechnology 31(2), 025704 (2019)
Rwei, S. P., Shiu, J. W., Way, T. F., Liao, C. Y., Yau, E. Z.: A Self‐healing and Thermal Radiation Shielding Magnetic Polyurethane of Reducing Retro Diels–Alder Reaction Temperature. J Inorgan Organometal Polym Mater. 1–12 (2021)
Yang, S., Wang, S., Du, X., Cheng, X., Wang, H., Du, Z.: Mechanically and thermo-driven self-healing polyurethane elastomeric composites using inorganic–organic hybrid material as crosslinker. Polym. Chem. 11(6), 1161–1170 (2020)
Zhao, B., Mei, H., Hang, G., Li, L., Zheng, S.: Shape recovery and reprocessable polyurethanes crosslinked with double decker silsesquioxane via Diels-Alder reaction. Polymer 230: 124042 (2021)
Xu, Y., Chen, D.: Self-healing polyurethane/attapulgite nanocomposites based on disulfide bonds and shape memory effect. Mater. Chem. Phys. 195, 40–48 (2017)
Du, W., Jin, Y., Shi, L., Shen, Y., Lai, S., Zhou, Y.: NIR-light-induced thermoset shape memory polyurethane composites with self-healing and recyclable functionalities. Compos Part B-Eng. 195, 108092 (2020)
Wang, T., Yu, W. C., Zhou, C. G., Sun, W. J., Zhang, Y. P., Jia, L. C., Li, Z. M.: Self-healing and flexible carbon nanotube/polyurethane composite for efficient electromagnetic interference shielding. Compos Part B-Eng. 193: 108015 (2020)
Wang, H., Xu, J., Du, X., Du, Z., Cheng, X., Wang, H.: A self-healing polyurethane-based composite coating with high strength and anti-corrosion properties for metal protection. Compos Part B-Eng. 109273 (2021)
Bai, L., Lei, Y. L., Huang, H., Liang, Y., Yang, H.: Flexible Light-responsive Self-healing Polymeric Composite Film Based on Two-dimensional MoS2-Organic Halide Perovskite Longitudinal Heterostructure. Chem Eng J. 131450 (2021)
Wang, Y., Huang, X., Zhang, X.: Ultrarobust, tough and highly stretchable self-healing materials based on cartilage-inspired noncovalent assembly nanostructure. Nat commun 12(1), 1–10 (2021)
Lecouvet, B., Horion, J., D’Haese, C., Bailly, C., Nysten, B.: Elastic modulus of halloysite nanotubes. Nanotechnology 24(10): 105704 (2013)
Massaro, M., Lazzara, G., Noto, R., Riela, S.: Halloysite nanotubes: A green resource for materials and life sciences. Rend Lincei-Sci Fis. 1–9 (2020)
Deng, S., Zhang, J., Ye, L., Wu, J.: Toughening epoxies with halloysite nanotubes. Polymer 49(23), 5119–5127 (2008)
Jin, Y., Qiao, S., Zhang, L., Xu, Z.P., Smart, S., da Costa, J.C.D., Lu, G.Q.: Novel Nafion composite membranes with mesoporous silica nanospheres as inorganic fillers. J Power Sources 185(2), 664–669 (2008)
Baniasadi, H., Trifol, J., Ranta, A., Seppälä, J.: Exfoliated clay nanocomposites of renewable long-chain aliphatic polyamide through in-situ polymerization. Compos Part B-Eng. 211: 108655 (2021)
Shi, L., Song, G., Li, P., Li, X., Pan, D., Huang, Y., Guo, Z.: Enhancing interfacial performance of epoxy resin composites via in-situ nucleophilic addition polymerization modification of carbon fibers with hyperbranched polyimidazole. Compos Sci Technol 201: 108522 (2021)
Heo, Y., Sodano, H.A.: Self-Healing Polyurethanes with Shape Recovery. Adv. Funct. Mater. 24, 5261–5268 (2014)
Shchukin, D.G., Sukhorukov, G.B., Price, R.R., Lvov, Y.M.: Halloysite nanotubes as biomimetic nanoreactors. Small 1(5), 510–513 (2005)
Lin, C., Sheng, D., Liu, X., Xu, S., Ji, F., Dong, L., Yang, Y.: A self-healable nanocomposite based on dual-crosslinked Graphene Oxide/Polyurethane. Polymer 127, 241–250 (2017)
Fu, Y., Gong, C., Wang, W., Zhang, L., Ivanov, E., Lvov, Y.: Antifouling thermoplastic composites with maleimide encapsulated in clay nanotubes. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 9(35), 30083–30091 (2017)
Deng, Y., White, G.N., Dixon, J.B.: Effect of structural stress on the intercalation rate of kaolinite. J colloid interf sci. 250(2), 379–393 (2002)
Min, Y., Huang, S., Wang, Y., Zhang, Z., Du, B., Zhang, X., Fan, Z.: Sonochemical transformation of epoxy-amine thermoset into soluble and reusable polymers. Macromolecules 48(2): 316–322 (2015)
Coleman, M. M., Lee, K. H., Skrovanek, D. J., Painter, P. C.: Hydrogen bonding in polymers. 4. Infrared temperature studies of a simple polyurethane, Macromolecules. 19(8): 2149–2157 (1986)
Pourmohammadi-Mahunaki, M., Haddadi-Asl, V., Roghani-Mamaqani, H., Koosha, M., Yazdi, M.: Preparation of polyurethane composites reinforced with halloysite and carbon nanotubes. Polym. Compos. 42(1), 450–461 (2021)
Pourmohammadi-Mahunaki, M., Haddadi-Asl, V., Roghani-Mamaqani, H., Koosha, M., Yazdi, M.: Halloysite-reinforced thermoplastic polyurethane nanocomposites: Physico-mechanical, rheological, and thermal investigations. Polym. Compos. 41(8), 3260–3270 (2020)
Wang, T.L., Hsieh, T.H.: Effect of polyol structure and molecular weight on the thermal stability of segmented poly (urethaneureas). Polym. Degrad. Stabil. 55(1), 95–102 (1997)
Li, Y., Pan, D., Chen, S., Wang, Q., Pan, G., Wang, T.: In situ polymerization and mechanical, thermal properties of polyurethane/graphene oxide/epoxy nanocomposites. Mater. Design. 47, 850–856 (2013)
Gandini, A.: The furan/maleimide Diels-Alder reaction: A versatile click-unclick tool in macromolecular synthesis. Prog. Polym. Sci. 38(1), 1–29 (2013)
Pramanik, N.B., Nando, G.B., Singha, N.K.: Self-healing polymeric gel via RAFT polymerization and Diels-Alder click chemistry. Polymer 69, 349–356 (2015)
Defize, T., Thomassin, J.M., Alexandre, M., Gilbert, B., Riva, R., Jérôme, C.: Comprehensive study of the thermo-reversibility of Diels-Alder based PCL polymer networks. Polymer 84, 234–242 (2016)
Oliaie, H., Haddadi-Asl, V., Masoud Mirhosseini, M., Sahebi Jouibari, I., Mohebi, S., Shams, A.: Role of sequence of feeding on the properties of polyurethane nanocomposite containing halloysite nanotubes. Des monomers polym 22(1), 199–212 (2019)
Xu, Y., Gao, C., Kong, H., Yan, D., Jin, Y.Z., Watts, P.C.: Growing multihydroxyl hyperbranched polymers on the surfaces of carbon nanotubes by in situ ring-opening polymerization. Macromolecules 37(24), 8846–8853 (2004)
Xu, Z., Gao, C.: In situ polymerization approach to graphene-reinforced nylon-6 composites. Macromolecules 43(16), 6716–6723 (2010)
Cho, K., Yasir, M., Jung, M., Willcox, M. D., Stenzel, M. H., Rajan, G., Prusty, B. G.: Hybrid engineered dental composites by multiscale reinforcements with chitosan-integrated halloysite nanotubes and S-glass fibers. Compos. Part B-Eng. 202: 108448 (2020)
Gao, Y., Jing, H.W., Chen, S.J., Du, M.R., Chen, W.Q., Duan, W.H.: Influence of ultrasonication on the dispersion and enhancing effect of graphene oxide-carbon nanotube hybrid nanoreinforcement in cementitious composite. Compos B Eng 164, 45–53 (2019)
Acknowledgements
This work is supported by the National Key Research and Development Plan of China (Project No. 2018YFB1107305), Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation, China (Project No. LTZ20E020001).
Funding
This work received grants from the National Key Research and Development Plan of China (Project No. 2018YFB1107305), Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation, China (Project No. LTZ20E020001).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
Yanqiu Huo: Writing-original draft, conceptualization, Writing-review & editing, Data curation. Huan Ge: Data analysis, Changhong Lin and Puyou Ying: Investigation, Methodology. Min Huang, Ping Zhang, Tao Yang and Gang Liu: Formal analysis, Resources. Jianbo Wu: Formal analysis. Vladimir Levchenko: Writing-review & editing.
Corresponding authors
Ethics declarations
Ethics Approval and Consent to Participate
Not applicable.
Adherence to National and International Regulations
Not applicable.
Consent for Publication
Not applicable.
Competing Interests
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Huo, Y., Ge, H., Lin, C. et al. A Thermally Self-healing and Recyclable Polyurethane by Incorporating Halloysite Nanotubes via In Situ Polymerization. Appl Compos Mater 29, 729–743 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10443-021-09989-6
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10443-021-09989-6