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Fluid–Structure Interaction Model of a Percutaneous Aortic Valve: Comparison with an In Vitro Test and Feasibility Study in a Patient-Specific Case

  • Medical Stents: State of the Art and Future Directions
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Abstract

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) represents an established recent technology in a high risk patient base. To better understand TAVR performance, a fluid–structure interaction (FSI) model of a self-expandable transcatheter aortic valve was proposed. After an in vitro durability experiment was done to test the valve, the FSI model was built to reproduce the experimental test. Lastly, the FSI model was used to simulate the virtual implant and performance in a patient-specific case. Results showed that the leaflet opening area during the cycle was similar to that of the in vitro test and the difference of the maximum leaflet opening between the two methodologies was of 0.42%. Furthermore, the FSI simulation quantified the pressure and velocity fields. The computed strain amplitudes in the stent frame showed that this distribution in the patient-specific case is highly affected by the aortic root anatomy, suggesting that the in vitro tests that follow standards might not be representative of the real behavior of the percutaneous valve. The patient-specific case also compared in vivo literature data on fast opening and closing characteristics of the aortic valve during systolic ejection. FSI simulations represent useful tools in determining design errors or optimization potentials before the fabrication of aortic valve prototypes and the performance of tests.

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Acknowledgements

Wei Wu is supported by the Politecnico di Milano International Fellowships Program (PIF). Claudio Chiastra is partially supported by the ERC starting Grant (310457, BioCCora). Desiree Pott is supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) Grant STE1680/5-1.

Conflict of interests

There is no conflict of interests.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Biological Structure Mechanics, Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering ‘Giulio Natta’, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32, 20133, Milan, Italy

    Wei Wu, Beniamino Mazza, Tommaso Sironi, Elena Dordoni, Claudio Chiastra, Giancarlo Pennati, Gabriele Dubini & Francesco Migliavacca

  2. Department of Cardiovascular Engineering, Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz-Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany

    Desiree Pott, Ulrich Steinseifer, Simon Sonntag & Maximilian Kuetting

  3. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

    Claudio Chiastra

  4. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy

    Lorenza Petrini

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  1. Wei Wu
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  2. Desiree Pott
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  3. Beniamino Mazza
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Correspondence to Francesco Migliavacca.

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Associate Editor Peter E. McHugh oversaw the review of this article.

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Wu, W., Pott, D., Mazza, B. et al. Fluid–Structure Interaction Model of a Percutaneous Aortic Valve: Comparison with an In Vitro Test and Feasibility Study in a Patient-Specific Case. Ann Biomed Eng 44, 590–603 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-015-1429-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-015-1429-x

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