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Particle/cell separation on microfluidic platforms based on centrifugation effect: a review

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Abstract

Particle/cell separation in heterogeneous mixtures including biological samples is a standard sample preparation step for various biomedical assays. A wide range of microfluidic-based methods have been proposed for particle/cell sorting and isolation. Two promising microfluidic platforms for this task are microfluidic chips and centrifugal microfluidic disks. In this review, we focus on particle/cell isolation methods that are based on liquid centrifugation phenomena. Under this category, we reviewed particle/cell sorting methods which have been performed on centrifugal microfluidic platforms, and inertial microfluidic platforms that contain spiral channels and multi-orifice channels. All of these platforms implement a form of centrifuge-based particle/cell separation: either physical platform centrifugation in the case of centrifugal microfluidic platforms or liquid centrifugation due to Dean drag force in the case of inertial microfluidics. Centrifugal microfluidic platforms are suitable for cases where the preparation step of a raw sample is required to be integrated on the same platform. However, the limited available space on the platform is the main disadvantage, especially when high sample volume is required. On the other hand, inertial microfluidics (spiral and multi-orifice) showed various advantages such as simple design and fabrication, the ability to process large sample volume, high throughput, high recovery rate, and the ability for multiplexing for improved performance. However, the utilization of syringe pump can reduce the portability options of the platform. In conclusion, the requirement of each application should be carefully considered prior to platform selection.

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Fig. 1

Spiral figure is adopted from Warkiani et al. (2015a) under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, and multi-orifice figure is adopted from Lee et al. (2009a) with permission from AIP Publishing LLC

Fig. 2
Fig. 3

a–c is adopted from Kim et al. (2013) with permission from Elsevier, and d–f Is adopted from Kinahan et al. (2014b) with permission from Elsevier

Fig. 4
Fig. 5

a is adopted from Lee et al. (2014) with permission from American Chemical Society, b Glynn et al. (2015) under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

Fig. 6

a is adopted from Park et al. (2014) with permission from American Chemical Society, b is adopted from Burger et al. (2012b) with permission from Royal Society of Chemistry, c is adopted from Aguirre et al. (2015) with permission from Springer

Fig. 7

a is adopted from Martinez-Duarte et al. (2010) with permission from Royal Society of Chemistry, b is adopted from Kirby et al. (2012) with permission from Springer

Fig. 8
Fig. 9

a and b is adopted from Zhang et al. (2016) with permission from Royal Society of Chemistry

Fig. 10

a Is adopted from Shelby and Chiu (2004) with permission Royal Society of Chemistry, b is adopted from Lee et al. (2009a) with permission from AIP Publishing LLC, c is adopted from Park et al. (2009) with permission from Royal Society of Chemistry

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Acknowledgements

This research was financially supported by the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD), project entitled “Inertial focusing for continuous nanoparticles separation in femtosecond laser 3D micromachined curved channels,” and Seed-fund number SATS 27/2016 provided by German Jordanian University—Amman.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. NanoLab, School of Applied Technical Sciences, German Jordanian University, Amman, Jordan

    Wisam Al-Faqheri & Ala’aldeen Al-Halhouli

  2. Faculty of Engineering and Quantity Surveying, INTI International University, 71800, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia

    Tzer Hwai Gilbert Thio

  3. Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates

    Mohammad Ameen Qasaimeh

  4. Institut fur Mikrotechnik, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany

    Andreas Dietzel

  5. Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA

    Marc Madou

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  1. Wisam Al-Faqheri
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Correspondence to Ala’aldeen Al-Halhouli.

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Al-Faqheri, W., Thio, T.H.G., Qasaimeh, M.A. et al. Particle/cell separation on microfluidic platforms based on centrifugation effect: a review. Microfluid Nanofluid 21, 102 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10404-017-1933-4

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