Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) are gaining extraordinary interest in modulating drought stress by improving plant productivity. Although most studies have focused on metal NPs, the impact of chitosan (CS) NPs on alleviating drought stress has not been documented yet. Therefore, the present study was carried out to discover CS-NPs on plant growth, biochemical attributes, and fatty acid (FA) profile of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) under drought stress. Two common bean cultivars (Dorsa and Shekofa) were exposed to drought stress and foliar sprayed with CS-NPs (50 and 100 ppm) during 2019 and 2020. The results showed significant decreases in plant yield of two cultivars, as evidence the declines in biological yield (23%), seed yield (39%), stomatal conductance (18%), relative water content (RWC, 18%), and photosynthesis index (SPAD, 14%) in Dorsa cultivar under drought stress. However, more accumulation of total soluble sugar (TSS), malondialdehyde (MDA), and proline was measured when plants were exposed to drought stress. Foliar-applied CS-NPS, especially at 100 ppm modulated drought stress in the two cultivars. For Dorsa under drought stress, CS-NPS at 100 ppm enhanced seed yield (44%), biological yield (13%), RWC (12%), and SPAD (12%), but lowered TSS (20%) and MDA (12%) compared to the non-CS application. Additionally, drought increased polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) but decreased monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). The heat map showed that proline, stearic acid, and palmitic acid were less affected by drought and CS-NPs, whereas biological yield, seed yield, and TSS were more affected by the treatments. According to this research, CS-NPs at 50 and 100 ppm can reduce the adverse effects of drought stress on common bean plants by enhancing their physio-biochemical characteristics.
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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation and data collection were performed by Ayda Dolatkhah Dashtmian and Seyed Mostafa Hosseini Mazinani. Data analysis were performed by Reza Monem. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Ayda Dolatkhah Dashtmian and revised by others.
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A. Dolatkhah Dashtmian, S.M. Hosseini Mazinani and A. Pazoki declare that they have no competing interests.
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Dolatkhah Dashtmian, A., Hosseini Mazinani, S.M. & Pazoki, A. Exogenous Chitosan Nanoparticles Modulated Drought Stress Through Changing Yield, Biochemical Attributes, and Fatty Acid Profile of Common Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) Cultivars. Gesunde Pflanzen 75, 2463–2476 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-023-00912-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-023-00912-6